Martin S P, Smith E O, Byrd L D
Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1990 Nov;37(3):493-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90018-d.
Previous research has suggested that certain social factors, e.g., dominance rank, can determine the behavioral effects of drugs in individual members of a social group. In the present experiment, the effects of d-amphetamine were studied in two adult male monkeys with dominance rankings that changed during a reorganization of the social hierarchy in a captive group of stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides). A range of doses of d-amphetamine was administered to each subject, and dose-effect curves were determined before and after group reorganization and stabilization. The data revealed drug effects which were dependent upon dose and the social rank of the animals. When either subject occupied the highest ranking or alpha position within the dominance hierarchy, rate of aggressive behavior initiated by the subject was several times greater than when that monkey occupied a lower position within the dominance hierarchy. Moreover, for either subject, the dose-effect curve was shifted to the right when the monkey was highest in the dominance hierarchy. Finally, aggression initiated by the drug-treated subject was directed more frequently toward adult members of the group when the subject was highest in the hierarchy and toward nonadult animals when the subject was lower in the hierarchy. These data support the hypothesis that the dominance position of an animal in a group can be a determinant of the behavioral effect of certain drugs.
先前的研究表明，某些社会因素，如优势等级，可决定药物对社会群体中个体成员行为的影响。在本实验中，对两只成年雄性猕猴进行了右旋苯丙胺效果的研究，这两只猕猴在一群圈养断尾猕猴（食蟹猴）社会等级重组期间优势等级发生了变化。给每个受试对象施用了一系列剂量的右旋苯丙胺，并在群体重组和稳定之前及之后测定了剂量效应曲线。数据揭示了药物效果取决于剂量和动物的社会等级。当任何一个受试对象在优势等级中占据最高等级或首领地位时，该受试对象发起攻击行为的速率比该猴子在优势等级中处于较低地位时高出数倍。此外，对于任何一个受试对象，当猴子在优势等级中处于最高地位时，剂量效应曲线会向右移动。最后，经药物处理的受试对象发起的攻击行为，当受试对象在等级中处于最高地位时，更频繁地指向群体中的成年成员，而当受试对象在等级中处于较低地位时，则指向未成年动物。这些数据支持了这样一种假设，即动物在群体中的优势地位可能是某些药物行为效应的一个决定因素。
