Kales E F
Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155.
Physiol Behav. 1990 Dec;48(6):837-40. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(90)90236-w.
In a laboratory study of binge eating behavior 21 normal-weight women who met DSM-IIIR criteria for bulimia identified and rank-ordered items on a Foods Attribution Rating Scale as either "safe" or "forbidden." Macronutrient compositional analyses of foods in each attribution category found the most marked difference in the higher fat content of forbidden food items (p less than 0.000). Forbidden foods were also found to have a higher caloric density (p less than 0.000). Analyses of 11 days of 24-hour food intake records found that 69% of binge eating episodes consisted of forbidden foods, compared to 15% of episodes classified by subjects as nonbinge intervals. These results are consistent with previous studies describing nutrient content of alternating bouts of overconsumption and dietary restraint. They also point to a strong association between dichotomous attitudes about specific foods and the content of binge and nonbinge episodes, thus providing support for such cognitive models of eating behavior in bulimia as the abstinence violation effect.
在一项关于暴饮暴食行为的实验室研究中，21名符合DSM-IIIR神经性贪食症标准的体重正常女性，在食物归因评定量表上对各项食物进行识别并按等级排序，分为“安全”或“禁食”两类。对每个归因类别中的食物进行宏量营养素成分分析发现，禁食食物的脂肪含量明显更高（p<0.000）。还发现禁食食物的热量密度更高（p<0.000）。对11天的24小时食物摄入记录进行分析发现，69%的暴饮暴食发作包含禁食食物，而在被研究对象归类为非暴饮暴食时段的发作中，这一比例为15%。这些结果与之前描述过度进食和饮食节制交替发作时营养成分的研究一致。它们还表明，对特定食物的二分态度与暴饮暴食和非暴饮暴食发作的内容之间存在强烈关联，从而为神经性贪食症的饮食行为认知模型（如禁欲违反效应）提供了支持。
