Bierbower S M, Cooper R L
Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Genet Physiol. 2010 Oct 1;313(8):484-97. doi: 10.1002/jez.620.
Vertebrates and invertebrates show a similar response of rapid anesthesia with high levels of carbon dioxide. In this study, we use crayfish to examine both behavioral and physiological responses to increasing [CO(2)] to explain the rapid unresponsiveness and cessation of an autonomic response. Hypoxic and low pH environments that are induced by CO(2) exposure were also examined, although neither produced the identified CO(2) effects. In insects, low concentrations play a vital role in providing information for task performance such as food location through attraction cues, whereas high concentrations produce avoidance responses. We found behavioral responses in crayfish that demonstrate a strong repellent effect to high [CO(2)] and that the avoidance behavior decreases with lower [CO(2)]. There was not a preference and/or repellent behavioral response with 5% CO(2), hypoxic or low pH environments. Mechanosensory stimulation showed that only at high [CO(2)] there is an unresponsiveness to stimuli within a 30 min time period. Additionally, the autonomic bioindex of heart and ventilatory rates showed a complete cessation with high acute exposure within in the same time period for unresponsiveness to mechanosensory stimulation.
脊椎动物和无脊椎动物对高浓度二氧化碳都表现出快速麻醉的相似反应。在本研究中，我们使用小龙虾来研究其对二氧化碳浓度升高的行为和生理反应，以解释快速无反应性和自主反应的停止。我们还研究了因接触二氧化碳而导致的低氧和低pH环境，尽管这两种环境都未产生已确定的二氧化碳效应。在昆虫中，低浓度二氧化碳在通过吸引线索为诸如食物定位等任务表现提供信息方面起着至关重要的作用，而高浓度则会产生回避反应。我们发现小龙虾的行为反应表明其对高浓度二氧化碳有强烈的驱避作用，且随着二氧化碳浓度降低，回避行为也会减少。在5%二氧化碳、低氧或低pH环境下，不存在偏好和/或驱避行为反应。机械感觉刺激表明，仅在高浓度二氧化碳条件下，在30分钟时间段内对刺激无反应。此外，在同一时间段内，心脏和呼吸频率的自主生物指标显示，在高急性暴露下，对机械感觉刺激无反应时，这些指标会完全停止。
