Kaeppler Gabriele
Radiology Department, Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Germany.
Int J Comput Dent. 2010;13(3):203-19.
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a radiological technique available since 1998 in dental and oral medicine in which a cylindrical volume is acquired with a conical x-ray beam during one rotation around the head of the patient (cone beam computed tomography, cone beam CT). This technique is increasingly replacing conventional radiological procedures due to the possibility of arbitrary reconstructions and views free of superimposition. CBCT focuses on the display of the bones of the jaw, so that its use concentrates on problems in implantology, before surgical removal of impacted and displaced teeth, in traumatology, and in craniofacial malformations. The objective of this overview was to emphasize the advantages of cone beam computed tomography in the individual disciplines. However, schematization of examinations should be avoided for reasons of radiation protection and for avoiding forensic pressure. The limits of CBCT and thus an indication for computed tomography exist where there is suspicion of bone tumors with soft tissue participation as well as in extensive fractures with suspicion of craniocerebral trauma. In the case of tumors in the soft tissues and of functional temporomandibular joint symptoms, magnetic resonance tomography is preferable to CBCT.
锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）是一种自1998年起应用于口腔医学的放射技术，在围绕患者头部旋转一周的过程中，通过锥形X线束获取一个圆柱形的容积数据（锥形束计算机断层扫描，锥形束CT）。由于能够进行任意重建且图像无重叠，这项技术正越来越多地取代传统放射检查程序。CBCT主要用于显示颌骨，因此其应用集中于种植学问题、阻生牙和移位牙手术拔除前、创伤学以及颅面畸形等方面。本综述的目的是强调锥形束计算机断层扫描在各个学科中的优势。然而，出于辐射防护和避免法医压力的考虑，应避免检查的模式化。当怀疑存在伴有软组织受累的骨肿瘤以及怀疑有颅脑创伤的广泛骨折时，CBCT存在局限性，此时计算机断层扫描更具指征性。对于软组织肿瘤和颞下颌关节功能症状，磁共振断层扫描比CBCT更具优势。
