Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Waste Manag Res. 2011 Jan;29(1):13-9. doi: 10.1177/0734242X10383080. Epub 2010 Sep 29.
Malaysia disposes of 28,500 tonnes of municipal solid waste directly into landfills daily. This fact alone necessitates sustainable landfills to avoid adverse impacts on the population and the environment. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the issues and challenges faced by waste managers in moving towards sustainable landfilling in Malaysia. Various factors influence the management of a landfill. Among them is the human factor, which includes attitude and public participation. Although Malaysia's economy is developing rapidly, public concern and awareness are not evolving in parallel and therefore participation towards sustainable waste management through the 'reduce, reuse and recycle' approach (3Rs) is severely lacking. Consequently, landfill space is exhausted earlier than scheduled and this is no longer sustainable in terms of security of disposal. Challenges also arise from the lack of funding and the increase in the price of land. Thus, most waste managers normally aim for 'just enough' to comply with the regulations. Investment for the establishment of landfills generally is minimized since landfilling operations are considered uneconomical after closure. Institutional factors also hamper the practice of sustainable landfilling in the country where 3Rs is not mandatory and waste separation is totally absent. Although there are huge obstacles to be dealt with in moving towards sustainable landfilling in Malaysia, recent developments in waste management policy and regulations have indicated that positive changes are possible in the near future. Consequently, with the issues solved and challenges tackled, landfills in Malaysia can then be managed effectively in a more sustainable manner.
马来西亚每天有 28500 吨城市固体废物直接倾倒入垃圾填埋场。仅这一事实就需要可持续的垃圾填埋场来避免对人口和环境造成不利影响。本研究旨在阐明马来西亚迈向可持续垃圾填埋场所面临的问题和挑战。各种因素影响垃圾填埋场的管理。其中包括人为因素，包括态度和公众参与。尽管马来西亚的经济正在快速发展，但公众的关注和意识并没有同步发展，因此通过“减少、再利用和回收”（3R）方法参与可持续废物管理的程度严重不足。因此，垃圾填埋场的空间比计划提前耗尽，从处置安全的角度来看，这已经不再可持续。资金短缺和土地价格上涨也带来了挑战。因此，大多数垃圾管理者通常的目标是“足够”以符合法规。由于关闭后填埋作业被认为不经济，因此，通常会尽量减少建立垃圾填埋场的投资。制度因素也阻碍了该国可持续垃圾填埋场的实践，因为 3R 在这里不是强制性的，垃圾也没有进行分类。尽管马来西亚在迈向可持续垃圾填埋场方面面临着巨大的障碍，但最近在废物管理政策和法规方面的发展表明，在不久的将来可能会发生积极的变化。因此，随着问题的解决和挑战的应对，马来西亚的垃圾填埋场可以以更可持续的方式得到有效管理。
