Andersen Camilla Schou, Gamborg Michael, Sørensen Thorkild I A, Nohr Ellen Aagaard
Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011 Jun;6(2-2):e179-86. doi: 10.3109/17477166.2010.521560. Epub 2010 Oct 1.
We investigated how average weekly gestational weight gain rates during three periods of pregnancy were related to the offspring's body mass index (BMI) at 7 years of age.
We used data from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Information from pregnancy interviews conducted between week 12-20 (Interview 1) and week 25-32 (Interview 2) was used to calculate maternal weight gain in the following periods: up until Interview 1; between Interview 1 and 2; from Interview 2 until delivery. Life Course Path Analyses were used to obtain effect estimates of the rates of gain on the offspring's BMI.
Average weekly gestational weight gain rates in first and second period of pregnancy were significantly associated with the child's BMI (ß-coefficient (95% CI): 0.049 z-score/z-score (0.030, 0.067), and 0.059 z-score/z-score (0.041, 0.077), respectively). No significant association between weight gain in the third period and the child's BMI was found (ß-coefficient (95% CI): 0.016 z-score/z-score (-0.002, 0.034)). The total effect estimate from the third period was furthermore significantly lower than the effect estimates from the first and second period (p < 0.03 and p < 0.002, respectively).
Gestational weight gain in first and second, but not in the last period of pregnancy were positively associated with the offspring's BMI at 7 years of age, even though the estimates were small. Fetal environmental factors may influence the unborn child differently depending on timing of exposure. Therefore, it may be important to consider the different fetal developmental stages when linking early life experiences with later health.
我们研究了孕期三个阶段的平均每周孕期体重增加率与后代7岁时体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。
我们使用了丹麦国家出生队列的数据。利用在第12 - 20周（访谈1）和第25 - 32周（访谈2）进行的孕期访谈信息，计算以下阶段的孕妇体重增加情况：直至访谈1；访谈1与访谈2之间；从访谈2直至分娩。采用生命历程路径分析来获得体重增加率对后代BMI的影响估计值。
孕期第一阶段和第二阶段的平均每周孕期体重增加率与儿童BMI显著相关（β系数（95%置信区间）：分别为0.049 z评分/z评分（0.030，0.067）和0.059 z评分/z评分（0.041，0.077））。未发现第三阶段体重增加与儿童BMI之间存在显著关联（β系数（95%置信区间）：0.016 z评分/z评分（-0.002，0.034））。此外，第三阶段的总效应估计值显著低于第一阶段和第二阶段的效应估计值（分别为p < 0.03和p < 0.002）。
孕期第一阶段和第二阶段而非最后阶段的孕期体重增加与后代7岁时的BMI呈正相关，尽管估计值较小。胎儿环境因素可能根据暴露时间的不同对未出生的胎儿产生不同影响。因此，在将早期生活经历与后期健康联系起来时，考虑不同的胎儿发育阶段可能很重要。
