发展级联：将青少年物质使用、与促进物质使用的同伴的关系以及学业成绩与成年物质使用障碍联系起来。
Developmental cascades: linking adolescent substance use, affiliation with substance use promoting peers, and academic achievement to adult substance use disorders.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 South McAllister, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA.
出版信息
Dev Psychopathol. 2010 Nov;22(4):899-916. doi: 10.1017/S0954579410000532.
Using a high-risk community sample (N = 405), the current study examined developmental cascades among substance use, affiliation with substance use promoting peers, and academic achievement over an 18-year period and tested whether these pathways mediated the influence of parental alcoholism on adult alcohol and drug use disorders. Results showed that the influence of parental alcoholism on adult drug disorders was mediated by developmental cascades across all three domains, whereas the influence of parental alcoholism on adult alcohol disorders was mediated through affiliation with substance use promoting peers and persistence in binge drinking. Adolescent drug use had more implications for adult outcomes than did adolescent alcohol use, which was less likely to spill over into other domains of functioning. Findings indicated that adolescent risk factors had indirect rather than unique effects on adult substance use disorders, suggesting that adolescent risk is not immutable and is largely mediated by later influences.
本研究使用高危社区样本（N=405），在 18 年的时间内考察了物质使用、与促进物质使用的同伴的关系以及学业成绩之间的发展级联，并检验了这些途径是否中介了父母酗酒对成年物质使用障碍的影响。结果表明，父母酗酒对成年药物障碍的影响是通过所有三个领域的发展级联来介导的，而父母酗酒对成年酒精障碍的影响则是通过与促进物质使用的同伴的关系以及狂欢性饮酒的持续存在来介导的。青少年的药物使用比酒精使用对成年结果的影响更大，而酒精使用更不可能溢出到其他功能领域。研究结果表明，青少年风险因素对成年物质使用障碍的影响是间接的，而不是独特的，这表明青少年风险并非不可改变，在很大程度上是由后来的影响所介导的。
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