King Gillian, Currie Melissa, Bartlett Doreen J, Strachan Deborah, Tucker Mary Ann, Willoughby Colleen
Thames Valley Children's Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2008 Jun;55(2):108-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1630.2007.00681.x.
BACKGROUND/AIM: A transdisciplinary approach was taken to study the nature of variables associated with the development of expertise in 71 paediatric rehabilitation therapists (i.e. physical, occupational, speech, behavioural, and recreational therapists).
Six groups of practising therapists were identified based on expertise status (novice, intermediate, and expert, as determined by a multifaceted assessment battery), and their level of clinical experience (10 years or less, more than 10 years). Scores for these six therapist groups were examined on three variables generally considered to be associated with the development of expertise--motivation, openness to experience (as defined by the critical-thinking dispositions of truth-seeking, open-mindedness, and cognitive maturity), and features of their clinical caseload experience (i.e. breadth of experience as measured by number of different client age groups worked with, the complexity of clients' needs, and experience in delivering services to adolescents, school-age children, preschoolers, and infants).
Low-experience experts ('young stars') had the highest motivation, truth-seeking, and open-mindedness scores of all groups, the highest percentage of clients with complex service needs, and were more likely to work with adolescents.
The major differences between therapists who attain expertise quickly versus those who remain novices after many years of experience appear to be motivation and complexity of work experiences. Implications for supporting the development of expertise in practising therapists are discussed.
背景/目的：采用跨学科方法研究71名儿科康复治疗师（即物理治疗师、职业治疗师、言语治疗师、行为治疗师和娱乐治疗师）专业技能发展相关变量的性质。
根据专业技能水平（通过多方面评估确定为新手、中级和专家）及其临床经验水平（10年及以下、超过10年），确定了六组执业治疗师。对这六组治疗师在三个通常被认为与专业技能发展相关的变量上的得分进行了检查——动机、对经验的开放性（由寻求真理、开放思维和认知成熟度等批判性思维倾向定义）以及他们临床病例经验的特征（即通过所接触的不同客户年龄组数量衡量的经验广度、客户需求的复杂性以及为青少年、学龄儿童、学龄前儿童和婴儿提供服务的经验）。
经验不足的专家（“年轻明星”）在所有组中动机、寻求真理和开放思维得分最高，具有复杂服务需求的客户比例最高，并且更有可能与青少年合作。
快速获得专业技能的治疗师与多年经验后仍为新手的治疗师之间的主要差异似乎在于动机和工作经验的复杂性。讨论了对支持执业治疗师专业技能发展的启示。
