Apostoli P, Alessio L
Cattedra di Medicina del Lavoro, Università degli Studi di Brescia.
Med Lav. 1990 Sep-Oct;81(5):351-62.
Although we still have to be careful about situations where there is still a risk of high levels of absorption of the most commonly known metals or where there is exposure to rare metals but with known toxicity, in the current transition phase from macro- to micro-doses of industrial toxics and metals in particular, it seems appropriate to encourage the development of study criteria and methods for this special field of occupational medicine. A number of aspects of the analytical techniques (ICP MS, in vivo measurements) are therefore discussed which should make for a better evaluation of doses; reference values for toxic metals intended as indispensable terms of evaluation of abnormal exposure to be related with any response by the human organism; identification and quantification of certain early effects that are of significant theoretical and practical interest, such as effects on the functional reserve and immunotoxic effects. Occupational medicine should take renewed interest in toxicological problems which, in the authors' view, have wrongly been considered outdated by the evolution of work-related diseases. On the contrary, this evolution calls for fresh and more in-depth interest also in occupational toxicology research.
尽管对于仍存在最常见金属高吸收风险的情况，或存在接触已知有毒的稀有金属的情况，我们仍需谨慎，但在当前从大剂量向小剂量工业毒物尤其是金属过渡的阶段，鼓励为职业医学这一特殊领域制定研究标准和方法似乎是合适的。因此，本文讨论了分析技术（电感耦合等离子体质谱法、体内测量）的若干方面，这些方面应有助于更好地评估剂量；将有毒金属的参考值作为评估异常暴露的不可或缺的条件，以便与人体的任何反应相关联；识别和量化某些具有重大理论和实际意义的早期效应，如对功能储备的影响和免疫毒性效应。职业医学应重新关注毒理学问题，在作者看来，这些问题因与工作相关疾病的演变而被错误地认为过时了。相反，这种演变也要求对职业毒理学研究给予新的、更深入的关注。
