Tilden V P, Nelson C A, May B A
Oregon Health Sciences University School of Nursing, Portland 97201.
Nurs Res. 1990 Nov-Dec;39(6):337-43.
The purpose of this study was to develop, validate, and norm a measure of dimensions of interpersonal relationships that are salient to nursing: social support, reciprocity, and conflict. The selection of these concepts was guided by social exchange and equity theories. In the first phase of the study, 44 respondents were interviewed to provide narrative data from which to develop items so that items would be grounded in lived experience. Content validity of items was judged by a panel of 11 experts. The revised 39-item instrument was tested in successive steps with a total of 340 students, patients, and community residents for reliability and validity, including internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, and three forms of validity assessment (theory testing, contrasted groups, and multitrait-multimethod comparison). The three subscales of social support, reciprocity, and conflict demonstrated repeated internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Strong evidence of construct validity was demonstrated for the social support and the conflict subscales; validity of the reciprocity subscale was equivocal.
本研究的目的是开发、验证并规范一种针对护理领域中人际关系维度的测量工具，这些维度包括社会支持、互惠和冲突。这些概念的选择以社会交换理论和公平理论为指导。在研究的第一阶段，对44名受访者进行了访谈，以提供用于开发项目的叙述性数据，从而使项目基于实际生活经验。项目的内容效度由11名专家组成的小组进行评判。修订后的39项量表先后对总共340名学生、患者和社区居民进行了测试，以检验其信度和效度，包括内部一致性信度、重测信度、因子分析以及三种效度评估形式（理论检验、对比组检验和多特质-多方法比较）。社会支持、互惠和冲突这三个分量表均表现出反复的内部一致性和重测信度。社会支持分量表和冲突分量表有强有力的结构效度证据；互惠分量表的效度不明确。
