Lemmon Monica E, Gregas Matt, Jeste Shafali S
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
J Child Neurol. 2011 Apr;26(4):428-32. doi: 10.1177/0883073810382143. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
Risperidone is widely used in children with autism spectrum disorders for behavioral modification. In this study, the authors aimed to (1) describe a clinic-referred sample of patients with an autism spectrum disorder on risperidone, (2) identify differences between the success and nonsuccess groups, and (3) describe our experience with young children (< age 5 years) on risperidone. Eighty patients were initiated on risperidone. Indications included aggression (66%), impulsivity (14%), and stereotypies (4%). Sixty-six percent met criteria for success at 6 months and 53% at 1 year. Sixty-seven percent of the nonsuccess group reported side effects, compared to 47% of the success group. Weight gain was the most common side effect in both groups, followed by somnolence. Somnolence was the most robust predictor of nonsuccess. In our clinic-referred sample, the short-term success rate of risperidone was more than 50%, and side effects limited its use. Although weight gain was common, somnolence more significantly influenced treatment discontinuation.
利培酮广泛用于患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童以改善其行为。在本研究中，作者旨在：（1）描述一个接受门诊治疗且使用利培酮的自闭症谱系障碍患者样本；（2）确定成功组与未成功组之间的差异；（3）描述我们在5岁以下幼儿使用利培酮方面的经验。80名患者开始使用利培酮。用药指征包括攻击行为（66%）、冲动行为（14%）和刻板行为（4%）。66%的患者在6个月时达到成功标准，53%的患者在1年时达到成功标准。未成功组67%的患者报告有副作用，而成功组为47%。两组中体重增加都是最常见的副作用，其次是嗜睡。嗜睡是治疗未成功的最有力预测因素。在我们的门诊治疗样本中，利培酮的短期成功率超过50%，但其副作用限制了其使用。虽然体重增加很常见，但嗜睡对治疗中断的影响更为显著。
