Bhatia M S, Dhar N K, Rai S, Malik S C
Dept. of Phychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi.
Indian J Med Sci. 1990 Dec;44(12):337-42.
Of 400 children over the age of four years, 82 (20.5%) were found to be enuretics. Enuresis was found to be statistically higher (p less than 0.001) in lower social class and between the age group 3 to 5 years. Enuresis was found to be significantly more among boys as compared to girls (p less than 0.001). Various stress factors (e.g. negligence, overprotection, strictness of parents etc) and other associated habit disorders (e.g. fear reactions, nailbiting, temper-tantrums etc) were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in enuretics as compared to control group. The group who was put on combined drug (imipramine) and psychological treatment showed a better long term response than the patients who were put only on drug or psychological treatment (p less than 0.001).
在400名4岁以上的儿童中,发现82名(20.5%)有遗尿症。在社会阶层较低以及3至5岁年龄组中,遗尿症在统计学上更为高发(p小于0.001)。与女孩相比,男孩的遗尿症明显更多(p小于0.001)。与对照组相比,各种压力因素(如疏忽、过度保护、父母的严厉等)以及其他相关的习惯障碍(如恐惧反应、咬指甲、发脾气等)在遗尿症患者中显著更高(p小于0.001)。接受联合药物(丙咪嗪)和心理治疗的组比仅接受药物或心理治疗的患者表现出更好的长期疗效(p小于0.001)。