Lehn W H, Silvester W K, Fraser D M
Appl Opt. 1994 Jul 20;33(21):4639-43. doi: 10.1364/AO.33.004639.
The temperature inversions that produce superior mirages are capable of supporting gravity (buoyancy) waves of very low frequency and long wavelength. This paper describes the optics of single mode gravity waves that propagate in a four-layer atmosphere. Images calculated by ray tracing show that (1) relatively short waves add a fine structure to the basic static mirage, and (2) long waves produce cyclic images, similar to those observed in the field, that display significant variation from a base image.
产生上蜃景的逆温能够支持频率极低且波长很长的重力（浮力）波。本文描述了在四层大气中传播的单模重力波的光学特性。通过光线追踪计算得到的图像表明：（1）相对较短的波会给基本的静态蜃景增添精细结构；（2）长波会产生循环图像，类似于在实地观测到的情况，且与基础图像相比有显著变化。
