PRHIDEB-CONICET, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Mycologia. 2011 Jan-Feb;103(1):118-30. doi: 10.3852/10-001. Epub 2010 May 26.
Chytridium olla A. Braun, the first described chytrid and an obligate algal parasite, is the type for the genus and thus the foundation of family Chytridiaceae, order Chytridiales, class Chytridiomycetes and phylum Chytridiomycota. Chytridium olla was isolated in coculture with its host, Oedogonium capilliforme. DNA was extracted from the coculture, and 18S, 28S and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA were amplified with universal fungal primers. Free swimming zoospores and zoospores in mature sporangia were examined with electron microscopy. Molecular analyses placed C. olla in a clade in Chytridiales with isolates of Chytridium lagenaria and Phlyctochytrium planicorne. Ultrastructural analysis revealed C. olla to have a Group II-type zoospore, previously described for Chytridium lagenaria and Phlyctochytrium planicorne. On the basis of zoospore ultrastructure, family Chytridiaceae is emended to include the type of Chytridium and other species with a Group II-type zoospore, and the new family Chytriomycetaceae is delineated to include members of Chytridiales with a Group I-type zoospore.
藻壶菌 Chytridium olla A. Braun，首个被描述的壶菌和专性藻类寄生虫，是该属的模式种，因此也是壶菌科、壶菌目、壶菌纲和壶菌门的基础。藻壶菌是在与宿主水网藻（Oedogonium capilliforme）的共培养中分离出来的。从共培养物中提取 DNA，并用通用真菌引物扩增 18S、28S 和 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA。利用电子显微镜检查自由游动的游动孢子和成熟孢子囊中游动孢子。分子分析将 C. olla 置于壶菌目的一个分支中，与壶菌（Chytridium lagenaria）和 Phlyctochytrium planicorne 的分离物一起。超微结构分析表明，藻壶菌具有 II 型游动孢子，此前曾描述过壶菌（Chytridium lagenaria）和 Phlyctochytrium planicorne 的 II 型游动孢子。基于游动孢子的超微结构，将壶菌科修订为包括 Chytridium 和其他具有 II 型游动孢子的物种，同时划定了新的 Chytriomycetaceae 科，包括具有 I 型游动孢子的壶菌目的成员。
