University of California, Riverside, USA.
Law Hum Behav. 2011 Oct;35(5):364-80. doi: 10.1007/s10979-010-9245-1.
It is well-accepted that eyewitness identification decisions based on relative judgments are less accurate than identification decisions based on absolute judgments. However, the theoretical foundation for this view has not been established. In this study relative and absolute judgments were compared through simulations of the WITNESS model (Clark, Appl Cogn Psychol 17:629-654, 2003) to address the question: Do suspect identifications based on absolute judgments have higher probative value than suspect identifications based on relative judgments? Simulations of the WITNESS model showed a consistent advantage for absolute judgments over relative judgments for suspect-matched lineups. However, simulations of same-foils lineups showed a complex interaction based on the accuracy of memory and the similarity relationships among lineup members.
人们普遍认为，基于相对判断的目击证人辨认决策不如基于绝对判断的辨认决策准确。然而，这一观点的理论基础尚未确立。本研究通过 WITNESS 模型（Clark，Appl Cogn Psychol 17:629-654，2003）的模拟比较了相对判断和绝对判断，以解决以下问题：基于绝对判断的嫌疑人辨认是否比基于相对判断的嫌疑人辨认具有更高的证明价值？WITNESS 模型的模拟结果表明，在嫌疑人匹配的列队中，绝对判断比相对判断具有一致的优势。然而，对相同干扰物的列队模拟显示，基于记忆准确性和列队成员之间相似关系的复杂交互作用。
