Laboratory for Radio- and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
Chemphyschem. 2010 Dec 17;11(18):3859-66. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201000461.
We study the surface of sodium chloride-water mixtures above, at, and below the eutectic temperature using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron-yield near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The NaCl frozen solutions are mimicking sea-salt deposits in ice or snow. Sea-salt particles emitted from the oceans are a major contributor to the global aerosol burden and can act as a catalyst for heterogeneous chemistry or as cloud condensation nuclei. The nature of halogen ions at ice surfaces and their influence on surface melting of ice are of significant current interest. We found that the surface of the frozen solution, depending on the temperature, consists of ice and different NaCl phases, that is, NaCl, NaCl·2H(2)O, and surface-adsorbed water.
我们使用 X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）和电子逸出近边 X 射线吸收精细结构（NEXAFS）光谱研究了过共晶温度以上、共晶温度和过共晶温度以下的氯化钠-水混合物的表面。这些 NaCl 冷冻溶液模拟了冰或雪中的海盐沉积物。从海洋中释放的海盐颗粒是全球气溶胶负担的主要贡献者，它们可以作为多相化学反应的催化剂或作为云凝结核。冰表面卤离子的性质及其对冰表面融化的影响是当前研究的热点。我们发现，冷冻溶液的表面，取决于温度，由冰和不同的 NaCl 相组成，即 NaCl、NaCl·2H(2)O 和表面吸附水。
