Department of Psychiatry, Westchester Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, New York 10605, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Oct;1208:98-103. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05697.x.
Rates of suicide among veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) rose significantly from 2005 to 2007, adding to existing concerns about veteran suicide risk by the Department of Veterans Affairs. This paper summarizes the available data about risk and rates of suicide in veterans, including the choice of appropriate comparison groups and the identification of risk factors. The data suggest that taking into account the selection bias of who enters the military (known as the healthy soldier effect), rates of suicide in veterans are higher than expected, especially among activity duty OEF/OIF veterans and even more so among those who experienced injuries and trauma. Thus, the experiences of war and the downstream sequelae, in particular the individuals' psychological reactions and societal responses, lead to suicide risk. This paper describes the VA's response to these data in developing and implementing suicide prevention interventions.
自 2005 年至 2007 年，参与持久自由行动（OEF）和伊拉克自由行动（OIF）的退伍军人的自杀率显著上升，这加剧了退伍军人事务部对退伍军人自杀风险的担忧。本文总结了有关退伍军人自杀风险和自杀率的现有数据，包括选择合适的对照组和确定风险因素。数据表明，考虑到谁进入军队的选择偏差（称为健康士兵效应），退伍军人的自杀率高于预期，尤其是在现役 OEF/OIF 退伍军人中，经历过伤害和创伤的退伍军人的自杀率更是如此。因此，战争经历及其下游后果，特别是个人的心理反应和社会反应，导致自杀风险。本文描述了 VA 针对这些数据，在制定和实施预防自杀干预措施方面的应对措施。
