Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Addiction. 2011 Jan;106(1):143-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03118.x. Epub 2010 Oct 19.
To investigate the factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among non-injecting cocaine users (NICUs) and to compare practices associated with HCV and HIV infection.
An intercountry cross-sectional study. Setting Buenos Aires and Montevideo metropolitan areas.
A total of 871 NICUs.
NICUs were interviewed and their blood was drawn and used for HCV, HIV, HBV surface antigen (HbsAg), HB-anticore and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VRDL) antibody assays. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses included comparisons of HCV and HIV mono-infected participants with HCV-HIV seronegatives.
Prevalence rates were 8.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.9-10.8) for HCV and 7.9 (95% CI: 6.1-9.7) for HIV. HCV-infected NICUs were twice as likely as HCV-HIV seronegatives to have shared straws for cocaine snorting or sniffing, even when adjusted for other variables. HCV prevalence rates ranged from 3.6% among NICUs who denied sharing straws and having had an injection drug user (IDU) or an HIV-positive sexual partner to 12.6% among participants who reported ever having shared straws or having had either an IDU- or HIV-positive sexual partner (χ(2) (trend) = 6.56, P = 0.01).
Non-injecting cocaine users from South America are vulnerable to multiple infections and HCV infection appears to occur through the sharing of straws. HCV infection is associated with intimate relationships with IDUs or HIV-seropositive partners, supporting the hypothesis that HCV risk may be due primarily to risk-taking behaviour associated with drugs in this population.
调查非注射可卡因使用者（NICUs）中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的相关因素，并比较与 HCV 和 HIV 感染相关的做法。
一项跨国横断面研究。地点：布宜诺斯艾利斯和蒙得维的亚大都市区。
共 871 名 NICUs。
对 NICUs 进行访谈并采集其血液，用于 HCV、HIV、HBV 表面抗原（HbsAg）、HB 抗体和性病研究实验室（VRDL）抗体检测。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，比较 HCV 和 HIV 单感染参与者与 HCV-HIV 血清阴性者。
HCV 感染率为 8.8%（95%可信区间：6.9-10.8），HIV 感染率为 7.9%（95%可信区间：6.1-9.7）。HCV 感染的 NICUs 与 HCV-HIV 血清阴性者相比，共用可卡因吸管或嗅吸管的可能性是其两倍，即使在调整了其他变量后也是如此。HCV 感染率从否认共用吸管、无注射吸毒者（IDU）或 HIV 阳性性伴侣的 NICUs 的 3.6%到报告曾共用吸管或有 IDU 或 HIV 阳性性伴侣的参与者的 12.6%不等（趋势 χ(2) = 6.56，P = 0.01）。
来自南美洲的非注射可卡因使用者易感染多种感染，HCV 感染似乎是通过共用吸管传播的。HCV 感染与与 IDU 或 HIV 阳性性伴侣的亲密关系有关，这支持了 HCV 风险主要是由于该人群中与毒品相关的冒险行为的假设。
