Division of Thoracic Surgery, Swedish Cancer Institute and Medical Center, Suite 850, 1101 Madison Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2010 Oct;90(5):985-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2010.06.006. Epub 2010 Aug 5.
Hemoptysis and thoracic fungal infections are infrequent but challenging problems, especially when encountered in the emergency setting. The evaluation and management of massive and nonmassive hemoptysis is described with special attention to radiologic, bronchcoscopic, and surgical interventions. The important principles of airway control, stabilization, and definitive management are emphasized. Endemic and opportunistic fungal infections are more common than they seem. The role of the surgeon is to assist in diagnosis, evaluate and treat pulmonary nodules, and consider resectional therapy for mycetoma and invasive fungal infections in selected candidates.
咯血和胸部真菌感染虽不常见，但却是极具挑战性的问题，尤其是在急救环境中遇到时更是如此。本文详细描述了大咯血和非大咯血的评估和管理，特别关注放射学、支气管镜和手术干预。强调了气道控制、稳定和确定性管理的重要原则。地方性和机会性真菌感染比想象的更为常见。外科医生的作用是协助诊断、评估和治疗肺部结节，并考虑对特定患者的真菌肿和侵袭性真菌感染进行切除术治疗。
