Massun E
United Nations Latin American Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, San José, Costa Rica.
Bull Narc. 1990;42(1):49-55.
Insufficient resources, services, staff, facilities and attention at the policymaking level are devoted to demand reduction measures, especially preventive education for young persons. Instead, emphasis is placed on and disproportionate resources are allocated to supply reduction measures and activities such as suppressing and/or limiting the availability of illicit drugs. Prevention policy constitutes a viable approach to solving the problem of illicit drug trafficking and consumption. The crux of the problem is not the availability of illicit drugs, but the demand of consumers for the substances. Preventive education for the young is an indispensable ingredient of effective prevention policy. The school environment can be instrumental in developing systematic and lasting preventive education. An essential condition, which, according to the author, is lacking in Latin America, is that educators should be provided with the training and training tools needed to enable them to perform properly as agents of prevention policy. A number of recommendations to reduce illicit drug demand and consumption through prevention are made, including giving priority to a comprehensive and systematically applied prevention policy focusing on the young and involving an educational approach and tools that are progressive and highly specialized, as well as research that is intensified and of better quality.
在减少需求措施方面，尤其是针对年轻人的预防教育，政策制定层面投入的资源、服务、人员、设施和关注不足。相反，重点却放在了减少供应措施及活动上，如打击和/或限制非法药物的供应，且分配了不成比例的资源。预防政策是解决非法药物贩运和消费问题的可行办法。问题的关键不在于非法药物的供应，而在于消费者对这些物质的需求。对年轻人的预防教育是有效预防政策不可或缺的要素。学校环境有助于开展系统且持久的预防教育。作者认为，拉丁美洲缺乏一个基本条件，即应向教育工作者提供培训及所需的培训工具，以使他们能够作为预防政策的执行者妥善履职。文中提出了一些通过预防来减少非法药物需求和消费的建议，包括优先推行全面且系统实施的预防政策，该政策以年轻人为重点，采用渐进式且高度专业化的教育方法和工具，以及加强高质量的研究。
