Holtzclaw B J
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1990 Dec;2(4):589-97.
Postoperative patients have difficulty maintaining thermal balance for several reasons. Normal thermoregulation is suppressed by anesthesia, neuromuscular blocking agents, and other drugs, and cool environmental conditions and exposure contribute to heat loss. Specific patient groups at high risk for hypothermia include infants, the elderly, and the neurologically impaired. Temperature drift, afterfall, shivering, malignant hyperthermia, and fever are among the temperature-related conditions requiring vigilant assessment and nursing action during the postoperative period.
术后患者难以维持热平衡有多种原因。正常体温调节会受到麻醉、神经肌肉阻滞剂及其他药物的抑制，寒冷的环境条件和暴露会导致热量散失。体温过低高危的特定患者群体包括婴儿、老年人和神经功能受损者。体温漂移、体温后降、寒战、恶性高热和发热是术后期间需要密切评估和护理干预的与体温相关的情况。
