Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Mar;105(5):795-803. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510004290. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
Understanding the predictors of developmental changes in adolescent eating behaviours is important for the design of nutrition interventions. The present study examined associations between individual, social and physical environmental factors and changes in adolescent eating behaviours over 2 years. Consumption of fruits, vegetables and energy-dense snacks was assessed using a Web-based survey completed by 1850 adolescents from years 7 and 9 of secondary schools in Victoria, Australia, at baseline and 2 years later. Perceived value of healthy eating, self-efficacy for healthy eating, social modelling and support, and home availability and accessibility of foods were assessed at baseline. Self-efficacy for increasing fruit consumption was positively associated with the change in fruit and vegetable consumption, while self-efficacy for decreasing junk food consumption was inversely associated with the change in energy-dense snack consumption. Home availability of energy-dense foods was inversely associated with the change in fruit consumption and positively associated with the change in energy-dense snack consumption, while home availability of fruits and vegetables was positively associated with the change in vegetable consumption. Perceived value of healthy eating and modelling of healthy eating by mothers were positively associated with the change in fruit consumption. Support of best friends for healthy eating was positively associated with the change in vegetable consumption. Self-efficacy and home availability of foods appear to be consistent predictors of change in fruit, vegetable and energy-dense snack consumption. Future study should assess the effectiveness of methods to increase self-efficacy for healthy eating and to improve home availability of healthy food options in programmes promoting healthy eating among adolescents.
了解青少年饮食行为发展变化的预测因素对于营养干预措施的设计非常重要。本研究考察了个体、社会和物理环境因素与青少年饮食行为在两年内变化之间的关联。使用基于网络的调查评估了水果、蔬菜和高能量零食的消费情况，该调查由来自澳大利亚维多利亚州中学 7 年级和 9 年级的 1850 名青少年在基线和两年后完成。在基线时评估了对健康饮食的感知价值、健康饮食的自我效能、社会示范和支持，以及家庭中健康和不健康食物的可得性和可及性。增加水果消费的自我效能与水果和蔬菜消费的变化呈正相关，而减少垃圾食品消费的自我效能与高能量零食消费的变化呈负相关。高能量食物的家庭可得性与水果消费的变化呈负相关，与高能量零食消费的变化呈正相关，而水果和蔬菜的家庭可得性与蔬菜消费的变化呈正相关。对健康饮食的感知价值和母亲对健康饮食的示范与水果消费的变化呈正相关。最好的朋友对健康饮食的支持与蔬菜消费的变化呈正相关。自我效能和食物的家庭可得性似乎是水果、蔬菜和高能量零食消费变化的一致预测因素。未来的研究应该评估增加健康饮食自我效能和改善家庭中健康食品选择的方法在促进青少年健康饮食计划中的有效性。
