Choi Jihye, Jang Jaeyong, Choi Heeyeon, Kim Hyunwook, Yoon Junghee
Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital, Seongnam 463-050, South Korea.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010 Sep-Oct;51(5):548-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2010.01702.x.
Pyonephrosis refers an infected hydronephrotic kidney which arise from pyelonephritis followed by exudate accumulation in a dilated renal pelvis or hydronephrosis followed by ascending infection. Pyonephrosis may cause serious systemic complications, making prompt and reliable diagnosis critical. Clinical and ultrasonographic findings are used for the diagnosis of pyonephrosis in humans, but these findings have not been investigated in dogs. We reviewed ultrasonographic features in pyonephrosis in 18 dogs. Ten dogs with hydronephrosis were also evaluated to compare with the pyonephrosis patients. In most dogs with pyonephrosis, hyperechoic contents completely filled the dilated renal pelvis (n = 8) or a fluid-debris level was observed (n = 8). Hyperechoic contents were dispersed in renal pelvis in only two of the 18 dogs. Hyperechoic, edematous mesentery, and peritoneal and retroperitoneal effusion, which represented peritoneal and retroperitoneal inflammation, were observed in the perinephric region in 11 dogs. Compared with pyonephrosis, and as expected, hydronephrosis was characterized by anechoic contents within the urine-filled collecting system and there were no definitive findings to suspect peritonitis. Thus, there is a distinct difference in the sonographic appearance of pyonephrosis vs. hydronephrosis in dogs.
脓肾是指受感染的肾积水肾脏，它由肾盂肾炎引发，随后在扩张的肾盂中积聚渗出液，或者由肾积水引发，随后发生上行感染。脓肾可能导致严重的全身并发症，因此迅速而可靠的诊断至关重要。临床和超声检查结果用于人类脓肾的诊断，但这些结果尚未在犬类中进行研究。我们回顾了18只犬脓肾的超声特征。还对10只肾积水犬进行了评估，以与脓肾患者进行比较。在大多数脓肾犬中，高回声内容物完全充满扩张的肾盂（n = 8）或观察到液-碎屑平面（n = 8）。在18只犬中，只有2只犬的肾盂中有高回声内容物分散。在11只犬的肾周区域观察到高回声、水肿的肠系膜以及代表腹膜和腹膜后炎症的腹膜和腹膜后积液。与脓肾相比，正如预期的那样，肾积水的特征是充满尿液的集合系统内有无回声内容物，并且没有明确的迹象怀疑腹膜炎。因此，犬脓肾与肾积水的超声表现存在明显差异。
