Huang Ching-Hsun, Kuo Ming-Tsung, Lai Wen-Sung
Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Behav Processes. 2011 Jan;86(1):94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2010.10.005. Epub 2010 Oct 23.
The objective of the present study was to characterize behavioural responses of male hamsters in each of three test contexts after they had experienced either a single social defeat or a neutral encounter. In experiment 1, hamsters were observed in a familiar social context (i.e., their home cages), and defeated males displayed different amounts of time and submissive behaviours towards a known opponent than a novel intruder, whereas males in the neutral-encounter groups did not show such differences. In experiment 2, in an unfamiliar social context (i.e., a Y-maze), defeated males generated submissive behaviours and fear memory towards a known opponent that they re-encountered 5-min and 24-h after the defeat. The formation of long-term memory was interrupted by an injection of anisomycin (210 mg/kg). In experiment 3, in a non-social, anxiogenic context, hamsters that had previously had different social experiences did not demonstrate additional anxiety in an elevated plus-maze, with the exception of males that had previously experienced repeated social defeats. Our data suggested that hamsters' behavioural changes following defeat are context-dependent and stimulus-specific. The experience of a single social defeat is sufficient to regenerate submissive behaviours and fear memory when reencountering a known opponent.
本研究的目的是描述雄性仓鼠在经历单次社会挫败或中性遭遇后，在三种测试环境中的行为反应。在实验1中，在熟悉的社会环境（即它们的家笼）中观察仓鼠，与面对陌生入侵者相比，被击败的雄性仓鼠对已知对手表现出不同时长的行为和顺从行为，而处于中性遭遇组的雄性仓鼠则未表现出此类差异。在实验2中，在陌生的社会环境（即Y迷宫）中，被击败的雄性仓鼠对它们在被击败5分钟和24小时后再次遇到的已知对手产生了顺从行为和恐惧记忆。长期记忆的形成被注射茴香霉素（210毫克/千克）所阻断。在实验3中，在非社会性的、引发焦虑的环境中，除了之前经历过多次社会挫败的雄性仓鼠外，之前有过不同社会经历的仓鼠在高架十字迷宫中并未表现出额外的焦虑。我们的数据表明，仓鼠在被击败后的行为变化取决于环境和刺激类型。单次社会挫败的经历足以在再次遇到已知对手时重新引发顺从行为和恐惧记忆。
