Esan Temitope A, Olusile Adeyemi O, Ojo Michael A, Udoye Christopher I, Oziegbe Elizabeth O, Olasoji Hector O
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi AwolowoUniversity, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2010 Oct 14;11(5):017-24.
The aim of this study was to identify the causes and patterns of tooth loss among Nigerian adults.
Tooth loss continues to be a major problem in clinical dentistry and has received significant attention in everyday dental practice. In Nigeria there is a discernible lack of current data that would explain the reasons and patterns of tooth loss from its different geopolitical zones.
The reasons for tooth extractions during a period of 12 months were obtained from the hospital records of teaching and specialist hospitals in Nigeria's six geopolitical zones and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS) version 9.0.
A total of 4,204 teeth were extracted from 3,431 patients. Of these teeth 52.4 percent were lost due to dental caries while 30.2 percent were removed because of periodontal disease, 5.0 percent were missing as a result of trauma, and 3.9 percent were impacted and required extraction. The remaining 8.5 percent were extracted for a variety of reasons such as orthodontic treatment, overeruption, neoplasms, supernumerary teeth, attrition, a cystic lesion, and hypoplasia. Dental caries was the most common diagnosis given for tooth loss in the South-South (79 percent), South-East (68 percent), North-East (47 percent), North-West (69 percent), and North-Central (35 percent) zones followed by periodontal disease. In contrast, periodontal disease was the most common cause of tooth loss in the South-West zone (65 percent) and in the FCT (55 percent), followed by dental caries at 22 percent and 33 percent, respectively.
Although teeth were extracted based on a variety of diagnoses, dental caries was identified as the common reason cited for tooth loss in Nigeria and to a lesser extent periodontal disease. Also different reasons were given for tooth loss among the various geographical zones.
Tooth loss among Nigerians was attributed largely to dental caries and secondarily to periodontal disease. Both conditions can be prevented if diagnosed early enough and treatment is instituted in a timely manner.
本研究旨在确定尼日利亚成年人牙齿缺失的原因和模式。
牙齿缺失仍是临床牙科的一个主要问题，在日常牙科实践中受到了广泛关注。在尼日利亚，明显缺乏能解释其不同地缘政治区域牙齿缺失原因和模式的当前数据。
从尼日利亚六个地缘政治区域及联邦首都地区（FCT）的教学医院和专科医院的医院记录中获取12个月期间牙齿拔除的原因。使用Windows版社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）9.0对数据进行分析。
共从3431名患者中拔除了4204颗牙齿。其中，52.4%的牙齿因龋齿缺失，30.2%因牙周疾病拔除，5.0%因外伤缺失，3.9%为阻生齿需拔除。其余8.5%因各种原因拔除，如正畸治疗、牙齿过度萌出、肿瘤、多生牙、磨损、囊性病变和发育不全。在南南地区（79%）、东南地区（68%）、东北地区（47%）、西北地区（69%）和中北部地区（35%），龋齿是牙齿缺失最常见的诊断原因，其次是牙周疾病。相比之下，在西南地区（65%）和联邦首都地区（55%），牙周疾病是牙齿缺失最常见的原因，其次是龋齿，分别为22%和33%。
尽管牙齿拔除基于多种诊断，但龋齿被确定为尼日利亚牙齿缺失最常见的原因，牙周疾病的影响较小。不同地理区域牙齿缺失的原因也有所不同。
尼日利亚人的牙齿缺失主要归因于龋齿，其次是牙周疾病。如果能足够早地诊断并及时进行治疗，这两种情况都是可以预防的。
