Pasternak C A
Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, UK.
Indian J Biochem Biophys. 1990 Dec;27(6):363-4.
Many disease affect cell behaviour by an effect at the cell surface, often leading to altered communication across the plasma membrane. Two examples of this from our own work are presented. The first concerns the induction of pores, leading to a breach of insulating properties of the cell membrane, by agents as diverse as certain viruses, bacterial and animal toxins, or immune molecules. In each case, membrane damage can be prevented by divalent cations such as Ca2+ or Zn2+. The second example concerns the effect of stress stimuli on the ability of cells to take up glucose. Different stresses, such as hyperthermia, toxic chemicals or infection by certain viruses, cause cells to increase glucose uptake. As with insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, the mechanism is by translocation of the glucose transporter protein from an intracellular (inactive) site to the plasma membrane.
许多疾病通过作用于细胞表面来影响细胞行为，这常常导致跨质膜的通讯改变。本文展示了我们自己研究中的两个例子。第一个例子涉及孔道的诱导，某些病毒、细菌和动物毒素或免疫分子等多种因子可导致细胞膜绝缘特性的破坏。在每种情况下，二价阳离子如Ca2+或Zn2+可防止膜损伤。第二个例子涉及应激刺激对细胞摄取葡萄糖能力的影响。不同的应激，如高热、有毒化学物质或某些病毒感染，会导致细胞增加葡萄糖摄取。与胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取一样，其机制是葡萄糖转运蛋白从细胞内（无活性）位点转运到质膜。
