Cash W
Appl Opt. 1995 May 1;34(13):2241-6. doi: 10.1364/AO.34.002241.
One of NASA's major scientific initiatives in astrophysics, the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer, is an orbiting observatory designed to perform high-resolution spectroscopy of stellar objects between 910 and 1150 Å. To achieve the 100 cm(2) of effective area required to observe faint quasars, the mission has adopted an unconventional design that couples grazing-incidence Wolter optics and an aberration-corrected Rowland circle spectrograph. The projected cost of the satellite has, however, become very high, driven in large part by the cost of the grazing optics and the side effects of compensating for their relatively poor performance. The logic that leads to the current design is reanalyzed, and it is argued that because of the technical developments of the last 7 years, grazing incidence is no longer the most attractive alternative. In particular, the application of aberration-corrected, spherical substrate, holographic gratings now greatly simplifies the design and thereby reduces the cost. A new is presented that substantially outperforms the old and that is easier to fabricate.
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在天体物理学领域的一项主要科学计划——远紫外光谱探测器，是一个轨道天文台，旨在对波长在910至1150埃之间的恒星天体进行高分辨率光谱分析。为了获得观测微弱类星体所需的100平方厘米有效面积，该任务采用了一种非常规设计，将掠入射沃尔特光学系统与像差校正罗兰圆光谱仪相结合。然而，由于掠入射光学器件的成本以及补偿其相对较差性能的副作用，卫星的预计成本变得非常高。对导致当前设计的逻辑进行了重新分析，并认为由于过去7年的技术发展，掠入射不再是最具吸引力的选择。特别是，像差校正、球形基底全息光栅的应用现在大大简化了设计，从而降低了成本。提出了一种新的设计，其性能大大优于旧设计，且更易于制造。
