Di Giacomo Michele
Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, London.
Br J Nurs. 2010;19(19):S22-4. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2010.19.Sup9.79308.
Infusion therapy has evolved dramatically over the past few decades. From being used only in emergencies and for critically-ill patients, intravenous (IV) therapy has become a specialized form of treatment used for almost 90% of hospitalized patients (Corrigan, 1995). Infusion therapy is the parenteral administration of fluids, medications, nutritional support, blood products and the transfusion of blood. Fluids are delivered through a vascular access device, which is inserted into a peripheral or central vein (Royal College of Nursing (RCN), 2003). The venous route is the most predictable and reliable way to administer fluids and drugs when oral administration is not longer achievable or appropriate.
在过去几十年中，输液治疗发生了巨大的演变。静脉输液治疗最初仅用于紧急情况和重症患者，如今已成为一种专门的治疗方式，近90%的住院患者都会使用（科里根，1995年）。输液治疗是通过肠胃外途径给予液体、药物、营养支持、血液制品以及进行输血。液体通过血管通路装置输送，该装置插入外周静脉或中心静脉（皇家护理学院（RCN），2003年）。当口服给药不再可行或不合适时，静脉途径是给药和输送液体最可预测且可靠的方式。
