Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India.
Pharm Biol. 2011 Feb;49(2):182-9. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2010.507633. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. (Leguminosae) seeds, known as the poor man's pulse crop in India, have been used as a food and also used in the traditional method for treatment of kidney stones, diabetes, obesity, etc.
To investigate the antidiabetic effect of α-amylase inhibitor isolated from the seeds of Macrotyloma uniflorum seeds in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic mice.
α-Amylase inhibitor was purified using a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) column. Kinetic studies were done using mouse pancreatic and human salivary α-amylase. Its antidiabetic effect was studied in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic mice. Biochemical parameters such as serum total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined. Histopathological investigation was performed on the pancreas, kidney, and liver tissue samples.
Macrotyloma uniflorum α-amylase inhibitor (MUAI) inhibited both the mouse pancreatic and human salivary α-amylase in a non-competitive manner with K(i) values of 11 and 8.8 µM and IC(50) value of 30 and 12.5 µg/mL, respectively. It decreased the serum glucose level in the treated diabetic mice. Histological findings suggested minimum pathological changes in the treated diabetic mice as compared to the diabetic control.
The results suggest that MUAI has an antihyperglycemic activity and therefore can be used in the dietary treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.（豆科）的种子，在印度被称为穷人的豆科作物，既可以作为食物，也可以用于传统方法治疗肾结石、糖尿病、肥胖症等。
研究从 Macrotyloma uniflorum 种子中分离得到的α-淀粉酶抑制剂对链脲佐菌素-烟酰胺诱导的糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用。
采用羧甲基纤维素（CMC）柱对α-淀粉酶抑制剂进行纯化。采用小鼠胰腺和人唾液α-淀粉酶进行动力学研究。在链脲佐菌素-烟酰胺诱导的糖尿病小鼠中研究其降血糖作用。测定血清总胆固醇、天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平等生化参数。对胰腺、肾脏和肝脏组织样本进行组织病理学检查。
Macrotyloma uniflorum α-淀粉酶抑制剂（MUAI）以非竞争性方式抑制小鼠胰腺和人唾液α-淀粉酶，其 K(i) 值分别为 11 和 8.8 µM，IC(50)值分别为 30 和 12.5 µg/mL。它降低了治疗糖尿病小鼠的血清葡萄糖水平。与糖尿病对照组相比，治疗后的糖尿病小鼠的组织学发现表明病理变化最小。
结果表明，MUAI 具有降血糖活性，因此可用于非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的饮食治疗。
