Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Theor Appl Genet. 2011 Feb;122(3):533-41. doi: 10.1007/s00122-010-1467-6. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
Fragrance in soybean is due to the presence of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP). BADH2 gene coding for betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase has been identified as the candidate gene responsible for fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, using the RIL population derived from fragrant soybean cultivar "Kaori" and non-fragrant soybean cultivar "Chiang Mai 60" (CM60), STS markers designed from BADH2 homolog were found associating with 2AP production. Genetic mapping demonstrated that QTL position of fragrance and 2AP production coincides with the position of GmBADH2 (Glycine max betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2). Sequence comparison of GmBADH2 between Kaori and non-fragrant soybeans revealed non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 10. Nucleotide substitution of G to A in the exon results in an amino acid change of glycine (GGC; G) to aspartic acid (GAC; D) in Kaori. The amino acid substitution changes the conserved EGCRLGPIVS motif of GmBADH2, which is essential for functional activity of GmBADH2 protein, to EGCRLDPIVS motif, suggesting that the SNP in GmBADH2 is responsible for the fragrance in Kaori. Five single nucleotide-amplified polymorphism (SNAP) markers which are PCR-based allele specific SNP markers were developed for fragrance based on the SNP in GmBADH2. Two markers specific to A allele produced a band in only Kaori, while three markers specific to G alleles produced a band in only CM60. The simple PCR-based allele specific SNAP markers developed in the present study are useful in marker-assisted breeding of fragrant soybean.
大豆的香气归因于 2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉（2AP）的存在。已鉴定出编码甜菜醛脱氢酶的 BADH2 基因为负责水稻（Oryza sativa L.）香气的候选基因。在这项研究中，利用来自香大豆品种“Kaori”和非香大豆品种“Chiang Mai 60”（CM60）的 RIL 群体，从 BADH2 同源物设计的 STS 标记与 2AP 产量相关联。遗传图谱表明，香气和 2AP 产量的 QTL 位置与 GmBADH2（甘氨酸 max 甜菜醛脱氢酶 2）的位置重合。Kaori 和非香大豆之间 GmBADH2 的序列比较显示外显子 10 中存在非同义单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。外显子中 G 到 A 的核苷酸取代导致 Kaori 中甘氨酸（GGC；G）到天冬氨酸（GAC；D）的氨基酸变化。氨基酸取代改变了 GmBADH2 的保守 EGCRLGPIVS 基序，这对于 GmBADH2 蛋白的功能活性是必需的，将其变为 EGCRLDPIVS 基序，表明 GmBADH2 中的 SNP 是 Kaori 香气的原因。基于 GmBADH2 中的 SNP，开发了 5 个基于 PCR 的等位基因特异性 SNP 标记的香气 SNP 标记。仅在 Kaori 中产生带的 2 个针对 A 等位基因的标记，而仅在 CM60 中产生带的 3 个针对 G 等位基因的标记。本研究开发的基于 PCR 的简单等位基因特异性 SNP 标记可用于香大豆的标记辅助育种。
