Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty ofEngineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia.
Environ Technol. 2010 Oct;31(11):1229-39. doi: 10.1080/09593331003646612.
Produced water or oilfield wastewater is the largest volume ofa waste stream associated with oil and gas production. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological pretreatment of synthetic and real produced water in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to remove hydrocarbon compounds. The SBR was inoculated with isolated tropical halophilic microorganisms capable of degrading crude oil. A total sequence of 24 h (60 min filling phase; 21 h aeration; 60 min settling and 60 min decant phase) was employed and studied. Synthetic produced water was treated with various organic loading rates (OLR) (0.9 kg COD m(-3) d(-1), 1.8 kg COD m(-3) d(-1) and 3.6 kg COD m(-3) d(-1)) and different total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration (35,000 mg L(-1), 100,000 mg L(-1), 150,000 mg L(-1), 200,000 mg L(-1) and 250,000 mg L(-1)). It was found that with an OLR of 0.9 kg COD m(-3) d(-1) and 1.8 kg COD m(-3) d(-1), average oil and grease (O&G) concentrations in the effluent were 7 mg L(-1) and 12 mg L(-1), respectively. At TDS concentration of 35,000 mg L(-1) and at an OLR of 1.8 kg COD m(-3)d(-1), COD and O&G removal efficiencies were more than 90%. However, with increase in salt content to 250,000 mg L(-1), COD and O&G removal efficiencies decreased to 74% and 63%, respectively. The results of biological treatment of real produced water showed that the removal rates of the main pollutants of wastewater, such as COD, TOC and O&G, were above 81%, 83%, and 85%, respectively.
采出水或油田废水是与石油和天然气生产相关的最大废物流体。本研究的目的是在序批式反应器（SBR）中研究合成和实际采出水的生物预处理，以去除碳氢化合物。SBR 接种了能够降解原油的分离热带嗜盐微生物。采用总时长为 24 小时（填充阶段 60 分钟；曝气 21 小时；沉淀和排水阶段 60 分钟）的方案进行研究。采用不同的有机负荷率（OLR）（0.9、1.8 和 3.6kgCODm-3d-1）和不同的总溶解固体（TDS）浓度（35000、100000、150000、200000 和 250000mgL-1）处理合成采出水。结果表明，当 OLR 为 0.9 和 1.8kgCODm-3d-1 时，出水的含油量（O&G）分别为 7 和 12mgL-1。在 TDS 浓度为 35000mgL-1 和 OLR 为 1.8kgCODm-3d-1 时，COD 和 O&G 的去除效率均超过 90%。然而，随着盐含量增加到 250000mgL-1，COD 和 O&G 的去除效率分别下降到 74%和 63%。实际采出水的生物处理结果表明，废水主要污染物 COD、TOC 和 O&G 的去除率均在 81%、83%和 85%以上。
