Khosa Maninder Kaur, Sidhu B S, Benbi D K
Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 001, India.
J Environ Biol. 2010 May;31(3):281-5.
A field experiment was conducted for two years on a sandy loam (Typic Ustochrept) soil of Punjab to study the effect of organic materials and rice cultivars on methane emission from rice fields. The methane flux varied between 0.04 and 0.93 mg m(-2) hr(-1) in bare soil and transplanting of rice crop doubled the methane flux (0.07 to 2.06 mg m(-2) hr(-1)). Among rice cultivars, significantly (p < 0.05) higher amount of methane was emitted from Pusa 44 compared to PR 118 and PR 111. Application of organic materials enhanced methane emission from rice fields and resulted in increased soil organic carbon content. The greatest seasonal methane flux was observed in wheat straw amended plots (229.6 kg ha(-1)) followed by farmyard manure (111.6 kg ha(-1)), green manure (85.4 kg ha(-1)) and the least from rice straw compost amended plots (36.9 kg ha(-1)) as compared to control (21.5 kg ha(-1)). The differential effect of organic materials in enhancing methane flux was related to total carbon or C:N ratio of the material. The results showed that incorporation of humified organic matter such as rice straw compost could minimize methane emission from rice fields with co-benefits of increased soil fertility and crop productivity.
在旁遮普邦的一种砂壤土（典型湿软土）上进行了为期两年的田间试验，以研究有机物料和水稻品种对稻田甲烷排放的影响。裸土的甲烷通量在0.04至0.93毫克/平方米·小时之间变化，水稻作物移栽后甲烷通量增加了一倍（从0.07至2.06毫克/平方米·小时）。在水稻品种中，与PR 118和PR 111相比，Pusa 44排放的甲烷量显著更高（p < 0.05）。有机物料的施用增加了稻田的甲烷排放，并导致土壤有机碳含量增加。观察到，与对照（21.5千克/公顷）相比，小麦秸秆改良地块的季节性甲烷通量最大（229.6千克/公顷），其次是农家肥（111.6千克/公顷）、绿肥（85.4千克/公顷），而稻草堆肥改良地块的甲烷通量最小（36.9千克/公顷）。有机物料在增强甲烷通量方面的差异效应与物料的总碳或碳氮比有关。结果表明，掺入腐殖化有机物质如稻草堆肥可以减少稻田的甲烷排放，同时还能提高土壤肥力和作物生产力。
