Université de Rouen, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire Psychologie et Neurosciences de Cognition et de l'Affectivité, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2011 Feb;79(2):266-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.10.018. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
To investigate the mechanisms underlying the other-race effect, in particular at what stage of face processing differences between same-race (SR) and other-race (OR) stimuli occur, electrophysiological and behavioral data were obtained on Caucasian participants viewing photographs of Caucasian, Asian, and African faces in upright and inverted orientations. During a race categorization task, reaction times were faster for African than Asian faces, and both of them faster than Caucasian ones, independent of their orientation. The face-sensitive N170 component was low in amplitude for Caucasian, intermediate for Asian, and maximal for African faces. The face inversion effect was observed for all ethnic groups on N170 amplitudes, but was more evident for Caucasian faces. According to the perceptual expertise hypothesis, our results indicate that SR faces involve more configural/holistic processing OR faces.
为了探究异族效应的作用机制，特别是在何种阶段，会出现对同种族（SR）和异族（OR）刺激的面孔加工差异，我们对白人参与者进行了电生理学和行为学研究，让他们观看白人、亚洲人和非洲人的正面和反面照片。在种族分类任务中，非洲面孔的反应时间快于亚洲面孔，而这两种面孔的反应时间均快于白人面孔，且与面孔的朝向无关。对于 N170 成分，白人面孔的振幅较低，亚洲面孔的振幅居中，而非洲面孔的振幅最大。N170 振幅的面孔反转效应在所有种族群体中都有观察到，但在白人面孔中更为明显。根据感知专长假说，我们的结果表明，SR 面孔涉及更多的整体/整体加工，而 OR 面孔则涉及更多的局部加工。
