Töro Klára, Fehér Szilvia, Farkas Katalin, Dunay György
Department of Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1091-Hungary, Budapest Ülloi út 93, Hungary.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2010 Nov;17(8):407-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2010.08.002. Epub 2010 Sep 19.
The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and trends of fatal child abuse that would assist family doctors in detecting signs of maltreatment.
There were 363 (193 males, 170 females) such cases autopsied at the Department of Forensic and Insurance Medicine at Budapest from 1960 to 2005. Information was collected from forensic autopsy records. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, type of abuse, injured body region, and seasonal distribution. The first detection of fatal injuries and death certification were usually done by GPs or ambulance at the scene of the homicide or hospital paediatricians in cases with survival period between the injuries and death.
Our results suggest a definitive decrease in fatal child abuse cases during the investigated period. In the first part of study period suffocation of infants represent a great number of cases. Infanticide rapidly dropped after the mid 1970s. In this material 89.3% of fatal cases was detected and reported by family doctors.
Rate of homicides against infants, children and adolescents reflect the effectiveness of the preventative strategies, the child protection policy and the unique primary health care system for youth. GPs have an important role in the investigation of infanticides and homicide cases against children and adolescents.
本研究的目的是确定致命性虐待儿童的特征和趋势，以帮助家庭医生发现虐待迹象。
1960年至2005年期间，布达佩斯法医与保险医学部对363例（193例男性，170例女性）此类案件进行了尸检。信息从法医尸检记录中收集。数据按年龄、性别、虐待类型、受伤身体部位和季节分布进行分析。致命伤的首次发现和死亡证明通常由全科医生或在杀人现场的救护车完成，对于受伤与死亡之间有存活期的病例，则由医院儿科医生完成。
我们的结果表明，在调查期间，致命性虐待儿童案件明显减少。在研究期间的第一阶段，婴儿窒息占大量病例。20世纪70年代中期后，杀婴率迅速下降。在这些案例中，89.3%的致命病例是由家庭医生发现并报告的。
针对婴儿、儿童和青少年的杀人率反映了预防策略、儿童保护政策以及独特的青少年初级医疗保健系统的有效性。全科医生在调查杀婴及针对儿童和青少年的杀人案件中发挥着重要作用。
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