Interferons exhibit temporally distinct regulation of two bovine macrophage Fc receptors.

Interferon (IFN)-induced modulation of two distinct types of Fc receptors (FcR) on bovine bone marrow culture-derived macrophages was quantified by flow cytometry. We have established the presence of separate FcR for monomeric and aggregated IgG on these cells, equivalent to the FcRI and FcRII of mice, respectively. These two kinds of FcR differed in protease sensitivity, hierarchy of preferential binding of immunoglobulin sub-class, and cross-inhibition. Treatment of macrophages with either recombinant bovine IFN-gamma (rBoIFN gamma) or rBoIFN alpha I1 produced a dose-dependent increase in the expression of both types of FcR; however, expression of the FcR for aggregated IgG was increased a full 24 h prior to that for monomeric antibody. Further, expression of the FcRII-equivalent declined substantially by 48 h of IFN exposure, while the presence of the FcRI-equivalent receptor was still enhanced. Finally, low doses (1 unit/ml) of either rBoIFN gamma or rBoIFN alpha I1 failed to alter FcR expression, yet mixtures of IFNs at this concentration were able to potentiate FcR expression. This is the first time that a differential time course of induction of FcR types by IFNs and the effects of mixtures of IFNs on FcR expression has been described in any species.