SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda Puerta de Hierro, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2011 Feb 10;175(3-4):220-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.10.028. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
In this study, the protection afforded by a Neospora caninum inactivated vaccine formulated with three different adjuvants (water-in-oil emulsion, aluminum hydroxide with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and aluminum hydroxide with ginseng extract) and three different parasite doses (10(5), 5 × 10(5) or 10(6) inactivated whole tachyzoites) was evaluated using a mouse model. Mice were immunized subcutaneously twice at three-week intervals with inactivated Nc-Spain 1H tachyzoites and challenged by intraperitoneal inoculation with 10(6) live Nc-1 tachyzoites. The efficacy of the immunization was evaluated in non-pregnant BALB/c mice on days 1 and 5 (acute infection phase) and days 14 and 30 (chronic infection phase) post-challenge. The results showed the ability of water-in-oil emulsion combined with inactivated 5 × 10(5) tachyzoites to induce protection against neosporosis during the chronic stage, limiting parasite multiplication in the brain. Aluminum hydroxide-ginseng extract and inactivated tachyzoites reduced the number of parasites circulating in the blood during acute phase but failed to limit the establishment of chronic infection. On the other hand, a dose-effect was observed in groups vaccinated with aluminum hydroxide-ginseng extract in which the lesion severity increased as the inactivated tachyzoite dose. This study demonstrates that efficacy can significantly vary depending on the adjuvant, the dose of antigen and the phase of N. caninum infection in which the vaccine is tested.
在这项研究中，使用三种不同佐剂（水包油乳液、含 CpG 寡脱氧核苷酸的氢氧化铝和含人参提取物的氢氧化铝）和三种不同寄生虫剂量（10（5）、5×10（5）或 10（6）灭活的全速殖子）的 Neospora caninum 灭活疫苗提供的保护作用，使用小鼠模型进行了评估。小鼠每隔三周皮下免疫两次灭活的 Nc-Spain 1H 速殖子，并用 10（6）活 Nc-1 速殖子经腹腔接种进行攻毒。在攻毒后第 1 和第 5 天（急性感染期）和第 14 和第 30 天（慢性感染期），在非怀孕的 BALB/c 小鼠中评估免疫的效果。结果表明，水包油乳液与灭活的 5×10（5）速殖子结合，能够在慢性期诱导对新孢子虫病的保护作用，限制了脑中寄生虫的繁殖。氢氧化铝-人参提取物和灭活的速殖子在急性阶段减少了循环血液中的寄生虫数量，但未能限制慢性感染的建立。另一方面，在接种氢氧化铝-人参提取物的组中观察到剂量效应，其中随着灭活速殖子剂量的增加，病变严重程度增加。这项研究表明，功效可能因佐剂、抗原剂量和疫苗测试的新孢子虫感染阶段而有显著差异。
