Beetz Nadine, Hein Lutz
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2011 Feb;68(4):599-612. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0550-0. Epub 2010 Oct 31.
In the time since its discovery, phosducin's functions have been intensively studied both in vivo and in vitro. Phosducin's most important biochemical feature in in vitro studies is its binding to heterotrimeric G protein βγ-subunits. Data on phosducin's in vivo relevance, however, have only recently been published but expand the range of biological actions, as shown both in animal models as well as in human studies. This review gives an overview of different aspects of phosducin biology ranging from structure, phylogeny of phosducin family members, posttranscriptional modification, biochemical features, localization and levels of expression to its physiological functions. Special emphasis will be placed on phosducin's function in the regulation of blood pressure. In the second part of this article, findings concerning cardiovascular regulation and their clinical relevance will be discussed on the basis of recently published data from gene-targeted mouse models and human genetic studies.
自发现以来，人们对磷光视蛋白的功能进行了深入的体内和体外研究。在体外研究中，磷光视蛋白最重要的生化特性是其与异源三聚体G蛋白βγ亚基的结合。然而，关于磷光视蛋白体内相关性的数据直到最近才发表，但这些数据扩展了其生物学作用的范围，这在动物模型和人体研究中均有体现。本综述概述了磷光视蛋白生物学的不同方面，从其结构、磷光视蛋白家族成员的系统发育、转录后修饰、生化特性、定位和表达水平到其生理功能。将特别强调磷光视蛋白在血压调节中的功能。在本文的第二部分，将基于最近发表的基因靶向小鼠模型和人类遗传学研究数据，讨论有关心血管调节及其临床相关性的研究结果。
