Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Int J Clin Pract. 2010 Dec;64(13):1740-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02534.x.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (CaP) are major sources of morbidity in older men. Management of these disorders has evolved considerably in recent years. This article provides a focused overview of BPH and CaP management aimed at primary care physicians. Current literature pertaining to BPH and CaP is reviewed and discussed. The management of BPH has been influenced by the adoption of effective medical therapies; nonetheless, surgical intervention remains a valid option for many men. This can be accomplished with well-established standards such as transurethral resection of the prostate or with minimally invasive techniques. Prostate cancer screening remains controversial despite the recent publication of two large clinical trials. Not all prostate cancers necessarily need to be treated. Robot-assisted prostatectomy is a new and increasingly utilised technique for CaP management, although open radical retropubic prostatectomy is the oncological reference standard. The ageing of the population of the developed world means that primary care physicians will see an increasing number of men with BPH and CaP. Close collaboration between primary care physicians and urologists offers the key to successful management of these disorders.
良性前列腺增生（BPH）和前列腺癌（CaP）是老年男性发病率的主要来源。近年来，这些疾病的治疗方法有了很大的发展。本文旨在为初级保健医生提供 BPH 和 CaP 管理的重点概述。回顾和讨论了与 BPH 和 CaP 相关的当前文献。BPH 的治疗受到有效药物治疗方法的影响；然而，手术干预仍然是许多男性的有效选择。这可以通过经尿道前列腺切除术或微创技术等既定标准来完成。尽管最近发表了两项大型临床试验，但前列腺癌筛查仍然存在争议。并非所有的前列腺癌都需要治疗。机器人辅助前列腺切除术是 CaP 管理的一种新的、越来越多的应用技术，尽管开放式根治性前列腺切除术是癌症的参考标准。发达世界人口老龄化意味着初级保健医生将看到越来越多的 BPH 和 CaP 男性患者。初级保健医生和泌尿科医生之间的密切合作是成功管理这些疾病的关键。
