Beskid G, Siebelist J, McGarry C M, Cleeland R, Chan K, Keith D D
Department of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, N.J.
Chemotherapy. 1990;36(2):109-16. doi: 10.1159/000238756.
The dual-action antibacterial R 23-9424 (desacetylcefotaxime linked to the quinolone fleroxacin) is a new antibacterial agent with excellent in vitro activity. It was evaluated for in vivo efficacy in comparison with the cephalosporin cefotaxime and the quinolone component, fleroxacin. Ro 23-9424 demonstrated significant activity against all strains tested in systemic infections, including those strains resistant in vivo to cefotaxime (Staphylococcus aureus 753, Serratia marcescens SM and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8780) and fleroxacin (Streptococcus pneumoniae 6301 and Streptococcus pyogenes. In prophylactic studies, Ro 23-9424 compared favorably with fleroxacin against Escherichia coli and with cefotaxime against S. pyogenes, but Ro 23-9424 was considerably more active than cefotaxime against E. coli and more active than fleroxacin against S. pyogenes. In a murine pneumonia model, Ro 23-9424 was equivalent in activity to cefotaxime against S. pneumoniae and more active than cefotaxime against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Fleroxacin was inactive against S. pneumoniae and about 20-fold more active than Ro 23-9424 against K. pneumoniae. In a murine meningitis infection caused by S. pneumoniae, Ro 23-9424 was 3 times as active as cefotaxime, while fleroxacin was inactive. When meningitis was induced by K. pneumoniae, Ro 23-9424 was as active as the quinolone, while cefotaxime was inactive. In a neutropenic (immunocompromised) model, Ro 23-9424 was more active than cefotaxime against P. aeruginosa and 5-fold less active than fleroxacin. In the control normal (immunocompetent) mouse infection, Ro 23-9424 was 3-fold more active than cefotaxime, but 10-fold less active than fleroxacin.
双作用抗菌药物R 23 - 9424(去乙酰头孢噻肟与喹诺酮类药物氟罗沙星相连)是一种具有出色体外活性的新型抗菌剂。将其与头孢菌素类药物头孢噻肟和喹诺酮类成分氟罗沙星进行了体内疗效评估。R 23 - 9424对全身感染中测试的所有菌株均显示出显著活性,包括那些在体内对头孢噻肟耐药的菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌753、粘质沙雷氏菌SM和铜绿假单胞菌8780)以及对氟罗沙星耐药的菌株(肺炎链球菌6301和化脓性链球菌)。在预防性研究中,R 23 - 9424与氟罗沙星相比对大肠杆菌的效果良好,与头孢噻肟相比对化脓性链球菌的效果良好,但R 23 - 9424对大肠杆菌的活性比头孢噻肟高得多,对化脓性链球菌的活性比氟罗沙星高。在小鼠肺炎模型中,R 23 - 9424对肺炎链球菌的活性与头孢噻肟相当,对肺炎克雷伯菌的活性比头孢噻肟高。氟罗沙星对肺炎链球菌无活性,对肺炎克雷伯菌的活性比R 23 - 9424高约20倍。在由肺炎链球菌引起的小鼠脑膜炎感染中,R 23 - 9424的活性是头孢噻肟的3倍,而氟罗沙星无活性。当由肺炎克雷伯菌诱发脑膜炎时,R 23 - 9424的活性与喹诺酮类药物相当,而头孢噻肟无活性。在中性粒细胞减少(免疫受损)模型中,R 23 - 9424对铜绿假单胞菌的活性比头孢噻肟高,比氟罗沙星低5倍。在对照正常(免疫健全)小鼠感染中,R 23 - 9424的活性比头孢噻肟高3倍,但比氟罗沙星低10倍。