Instituto de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Serrano 115 bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Environ Pollut. 2011 Feb;159(2):449-57. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.10.021. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
We are fertilizing a thicket with 0, 10, 20 and 50 kg nitrogen (N) ha(-1) yr(-1) in central Spain. Here we report changes in cover, pigments, pigment ratios and FvFm of the N-tolerant, terricolous, lichen Cladonia foliacea after 1-2 y adding N in order to study its potential as biomarker of atmospheric pollution. Cover tended to increase. Pigments increased with fertilization independently of the dose supplied but only significantly with soil nitrate as covariate. β-carotene/chlorophylls increased with 20-50 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) (over the background) and neoxanthin/chlorophylls also increased with N. (Neoxanthin+lutein)/carotene decreased with N when nitrate and pH seasonalities were used as covariates. Between 26 and 56 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1).Pinho et al. (2012) suggested that the critical Nload for Mediterranean epiphytic lichens (based on responses of functional groups) was lower than 26 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) [corrected]. Water-stress, iron and copper also explained variables of lichen physiology. We conclude that this tolerant lichen could be used as biomarker and that responses to N are complex in heterogeneous Mediterranean-type landscapes.
我们正在西班牙中部以 0、10、20 和 50 公斤氮（N）/公顷/年的剂量施肥灌木丛。在这里，我们报告了耐氮、陆生、地衣 Cladonia foliacea 的盖度、色素、色素比和 FvFm 在添加 N 1-2 年后的变化，以便研究其作为大气污染生物标志物的潜力。盖度有增加的趋势。色素的增加与施肥有关，但与施肥量无关，而是与土壤硝酸盐作为协变量有关。β-胡萝卜素/叶绿素随着 20-50 公斤 N/公顷/年（高于背景值）的增加而增加，而新黄质/叶绿素也随着 N 的增加而增加。（新黄质+叶黄素）/类胡萝卜素随着 N 的增加而减少，当硝酸盐和 pH 季节性被用作协变量时。在 26 到 56 公斤 N/公顷/年之间。Pinho 等人（2012 年）提出，地中海附生地衣的临界氮负荷（基于功能群的反应）低于 26 公斤 N/公顷/年[已更正]。水分胁迫、铁和铜也解释了地衣生理学的变量。我们的结论是，这种耐受的地衣可以作为生物标志物，并且对 N 的反应在异质的地中海型景观中是复杂的。
