Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Seo-Gu, Busan, Korea.
Radiographics. 2010 Oct;30(6):1489-507. doi: 10.1148/rg.306105504.
There is a wide variety of congenital anomalies that may affect the gastrointestinal tract. Most symptomatic congenital anomalies are found in newborns and infants. Such anomalies are relatively rare in adolescents and adults, and they may be difficult to identify because clinical symptoms often are nonspecific and insidious, causing them to be mistaken for other common abdominal conditions. Multimodality imaging is useful in evaluating congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract in adults. The imaging features at radiography, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging may help identify congenital gastrointestinal anomalies such as congenital esophageal stenosis, gastric volvulus, duodenal web, annular pancreas, heterotopic pancreas, cecal volvulus, anomalies of the omphalomesenteric duct, Hirschsprung disease, and gastrointestinal duplication cyst. Familiarity with the imaging features of the various congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract and their complications is important to establish the correct diagnosis and determine appropriate treatment, which is critical to avoid life-threatening complications.
有多种先天性异常可能影响胃肠道。大多数有症状的先天性异常发生在新生儿和婴儿中。此类异常在青少年和成年人中相对少见，并且由于临床症状通常不具有特异性且隐匿，可能难以识别，因此容易被误诊为其他常见的腹部疾病。多模态影像学在评估成人胃肠道先天性异常方面很有用。放射线照相、透视、超声、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像的影像学特征有助于识别先天性食管狭窄、胃扭转、十二指肠隔膜、环状胰腺、异位胰腺、盲肠扭转、脐肠系膜导管异常、先天性巨结肠病和胃肠道重复囊肿等先天性胃肠道异常。熟悉各种胃肠道先天性异常及其并发症的影像学特征对于确立正确的诊断和确定适当的治疗很重要，这对于避免危及生命的并发症至关重要。
