Department of Radiology, Diagnóstico Médico Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
Radiographics. 2010 Oct;30(6):1637-51. doi: 10.1148/rg.306105516.
The ligamentum teres has traditionally been viewed as an embryonic remnant with no role in the biomechanics or vascularity of adult hips. However, the ligamentum teres is a strong intraarticular ligament that is anatomically and biochemically similar to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee. It is composed of two bands that originate from the acetabular transverse ligament and the pubic and ischial margins of the acetabular notch. Among other functions, the ligamentum teres is an important stabilizer of the hip, particularly in adduction, flexion, and external rotation. Abnormalities of the ligamentum teres account for 4%-15% of sports-related injuries and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with hip pain. Lesions of the ligamentum teres include partial or complete traumatic tears, degenerative tears, avulsion fractures of the ligament at its insertion into the fovea capitis femoris, and a congenital absence of the ligament. Magnetic resonance arthrography and computed tomographic arthrography are the preferred modalities for precise preoperative diagnosis of ligamentum teres injuries and may be used to rule out other associated intraarticular injuries. Treatment of these lesions is still evolving; at present, treatment of most injuries is limited to arthroscopic débridement.
传统上，圆韧带被视为一种胚胎残余物，在成人髋关节的生物力学或血液供应中没有作用。然而，圆韧带是一种强有力的关节内韧带，在解剖和生化上与膝关节的前交叉韧带相似。它由两条带组成，分别起源于髋臼横韧带和髋臼切迹的耻骨和坐骨缘。圆韧带具有多种功能，是髋关节的重要稳定器，特别是在髋关节内收、屈曲和外旋时。圆韧带异常占与运动相关损伤的 4%-15%，在髋关节疼痛患者的鉴别诊断中应考虑到这一点。圆韧带的病变包括部分或完全外伤性撕裂、退行性撕裂、圆韧带在插入股骨头窝处的撕脱骨折，以及先天性圆韧带缺失。磁共振关节造影和计算机断层扫描关节造影是精确术前诊断圆韧带损伤的首选方法，可用于排除其他相关关节内损伤。这些病变的治疗仍在不断发展；目前，大多数损伤的治疗仅限于关节镜下清创术。
