Kiowski W, Pfisterer M, Burkart F, Mihatsch M
Kardiologische Abteilung, Universität Basel.
Ther Umsch. 1990 Feb;47(2):164-9.
The long-term care of patients following heart transplantation is characterized by the problems associated with long-term immunosuppression. In addition, a specific form of coronary atherosclerosis develops within years in many patients requiring coronary angiography on a yearly basis. The examination of patients after heart transplantation does not reveal characteristic findings, as long as the transplanted heart functions properly and a normally functioning graft allows a functionally almost normal life. The dependence on a specialized center, which may be more or less depending on the clinical course, and the ever present knowledge of the potentially lethal consequences of a graft failure present a severe psychic stress to the patient. This stress is handled more or less well and requires special attention by the treating physicians and, ideally, an intact social environment. The care of patients in a center close to their place of living is less time consuming for the patient and relieves the burden of the transplanting center.
心脏移植术后患者的长期护理存在与长期免疫抑制相关的问题。此外，许多患者在数年内会出现一种特殊形式的冠状动脉粥样硬化，需要每年进行冠状动脉造影检查。只要移植的心脏功能正常，且功能正常的移植物能让患者过上几乎正常的生活，心脏移植术后患者的检查就不会发现特征性表现。对专科中心的依赖（程度可能或多或少取决于临床病程）以及对移植物功能衰竭潜在致命后果的始终存在的认知，给患者带来了严重的精神压力。这种压力处理得好坏不一，需要治疗医生给予特别关注，理想情况下还需要一个完整的社会环境。在患者居住地附近的中心对患者进行护理，对患者来说耗时较少，也减轻了移植中心的负担。
