[在奥托克的马佐夫舍肺部疾病与结核病治疗中心接受治疗的移民结核病患者]

Jagodziński Jacek, Zielonka Tadeusz M

Mazowieckie Centrum Leczenia Chorób Płuc i Gruźlicy w Otwocku.

Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2010;78(6):399-406.

INTRODUCTION

Migration of population contributes to the transmission of tuberculosis (TB), particularly multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. In the countries of Western Europe, the immigrants' inflow contributes to the deterioration of the epidemiological situation. Majority of newly detected TB cases in some countries were affirmed among immigrant and foreign born population. In Poland, this problem has not been investigated up to 2005. The aim of the study was the assessment of the occurrence of tuberculosis in foreigners treated in the Mazovian Centre for Treatment of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis in Otwock.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This work had a retrospective character. The number of cases of tuberculosis in foreigners admitted between 2002 and 2007 was calculated from the data base of the Mazovian Centre for Treatment of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis; 125 patients, whose basic demographic data, bacteriological status and the radiological changes suggested TB, were included in the study.

RESULTS

The foreigners made up to 0.5-1.7% all tuberculosis cases treated in Mazovian Centre for Treatment of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis. Among confirmed cases, twenty four nationalities were seen. Nationals of the Russian Federation (coming from the Republic of Chechnya) formed the biggest group (24%), followed by the Vietnamese (21%) and the Ukrainians (12%). Most of all cases were young men (77%; average age - 34 years). Children made up to 12% of all cases. Tuberculosis of lungs was predominating, and there were culture confirmed extrapulmonary locations in 13.6% of cases. Bacteriological confirmation was achieved in 53% of cases, but up to 22.7% cases were resistant to one of the antituberculosis medicines and 13.6% was multidrug-resistant.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the fact, that foreigners made up a small proportion among all the patient treated for tuberculosis in Mazovia, their number systematically increases. High proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis reported in foreign-born cases is a concern.

引言

人口迁移促进了结核病（TB）的传播，尤其是耐多药结核病的传播。在西欧国家，移民的流入导致了流行病学状况的恶化。在一些国家，新发现的结核病病例大多出现在移民和外国出生人口中。在波兰，直到2005年这个问题都未得到研究。本研究的目的是评估在奥托克的马佐夫舍肺病与结核病治疗中心接受治疗的外国人中结核病的发病情况。

材料与方法

本研究具有回顾性。从马佐夫舍肺病与结核病治疗中心的数据库中计算出2002年至2007年期间收治的外国人结核病病例数；125名患者被纳入研究，这些患者的基本人口统计学数据、细菌学状况和放射学变化提示患有结核病。

结果

外国人占马佐夫舍肺病与结核病治疗中心治疗的所有结核病病例的0.5 - 1.7%。在确诊病例中，涉及24个国籍。俄罗斯联邦国民（来自车臣共和国）构成最大群体（24%），其次是越南人（21%）和乌克兰人（12%）。大多数病例为年轻男性（77%；平均年龄 - 34岁）。儿童占所有病例的12%。肺部结核占主导，13.6%的病例有经培养证实的肺外部位结核。53%的病例实现了细菌学确诊，但高达22.7%的病例对一种抗结核药物耐药，13.6%为耐多药。