Inland Station, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, 224-1 Hiruta, Tamaki, Mie 519-0423, Japan.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2011 Feb 1;170(3):494-500. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.11.005. Epub 2010 Nov 13.
The neuropeptide cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is important in the regulation of food intake in mammals and fish. The tissue distributions of six CART cDNAs (cart ch3, ch4, ch6, ch9, ch11, and ch22) from medaka, Oryzias latipes, were cloned and the effect of starvation on their expression was examined. As in other species, medaka cart ch3, ch4, ch6, ch9, and ch22 consisted of three exons, while medaka cart ch11 contained four. The six cysteine residues at the C-terminal end of the CART motif and three-dimensional structure were well conserved in all medaka CART peptides. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that cart ch3, ch4, ch6, ch11, and ch22 were primarily expressed in the brain, but that the highest rates of cart ch9 expression occurred in the skin, suggesting different functions among the homologous genes. Although CART ch3 mRNA levels decreased in response to 17 days starvation, these levels were restored by re-feeding. However, the finding that the five other CART mRNAs did not respond to starvation suggests that only CART ch3 has an anorexigenic function in medaka.
神经肽可卡因和安非他命调节转录物（CART）在哺乳动物和鱼类的食物摄入调节中很重要。从斑马鱼（Oryzias latipes）克隆了六种 CART cDNA（cart ch3、ch4、ch6、ch9、ch11 和 ch22），并研究了饥饿对其表达的影响。与其他物种一样，斑马鱼的 cart ch3、ch4、ch6、ch9 和 ch22 由三个外显子组成，而 cart ch11 含有四个外显子。CART 基序的 C 末端的六个半胱氨酸残基和三维结构在所有斑马鱼 CART 肽中都很好地保守。组织分布分析表明，cart ch3、ch4、ch6、ch11 和 ch22 主要在脑中表达，但 cart ch9 的表达率最高发生在皮肤中，表明同源基因具有不同的功能。尽管 CART ch3 mRNA 水平在 17 天饥饿后下降，但通过再喂食恢复了这些水平。然而，发现其他五种 CART mRNAs 对饥饿没有反应表明，只有 CART ch3 在斑马鱼中具有厌食作用。
