Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita Kumiai General Hospital, Akita, Japan.
Cerebrovasc Dis. 2011;31(1):100-6. doi: 10.1159/000321506. Epub 2010 Nov 16.
Stroke risk factors differ depending on the subtype of stroke; moreover, the distribution of risks is different among countries and races.
Mass health screening data were collected from the Akita Prefectural Federation of Agricultural Cooperative for Health and Welfare from 1991 to 1998. Cerebrovascular events were determined from the Akita stroke registry from 1991 to 2001. Then, clinical risk factors for stroke, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus, were assessed in the different subtypes of stroke.
A total of 156,892 persons were included in this study (76,330 men and 80,562 women), and 1,323 subjects had a stroke during the 3 years of the screening period. The distribution of subtypes such as cerebral hemorrhage (CH), cerebral infarction (CI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was 27.3, 55.9 and 16.8%, respectively. Mean age and systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPs) were significantly higher in stroke cases. CH and CI occurred more frequently in men, whereas SAH occurred more frequently in women. Serum total cholesterol (TC) <160 mg/dl was a risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke (CH and SAH), whereas TC >280 mg/dl increased the risk of CI. A multivariable analysis revealed that the lower TC level (<160 mg/dl) and the higher BP increased the relative risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
BP was the strongest risk factor for any subtype of stroke. High BP and low TC (<160 mg/dl) were critical risks of hemorrhagic stroke.
中风的危险因素因中风类型而异；此外，风险的分布在不同国家和种族之间也有所不同。
从 1991 年到 1998 年，我们从秋田县农业合作健康福利联合会收集了大规模健康筛查数据。从 1991 年到 2001 年，我们从秋田中风登记处确定了脑血管事件。然后，我们评估了不同中风亚型的中风临床危险因素，如高血压、高血脂和糖尿病。
本研究共纳入 156892 人（男性 76330 人，女性 80562 人），在 3 年的筛查期间，共有 1323 人发生中风。脑出血（CH）、脑梗死（CI）和蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的亚型分布分别为 27.3%、55.9%和 16.8%。中风患者的平均年龄、收缩压和舒张压（BP）明显较高。CH 和 CI 更常见于男性，而 SAH 更常见于女性。血清总胆固醇（TC）<160mg/dl 是出血性中风（CH 和 SAH）的危险因素，而 TC>280mg/dl 增加了 CI 的风险。多变量分析显示，较低的 TC 水平（<160mg/dl）和较高的 BP 增加了出血性中风的相对风险。
BP 是任何中风类型的最强危险因素。高 BP 和低 TC（<160mg/dl）是出血性中风的关键危险因素。
