Mailloux Adam W, Young M Rita I
Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Crit Rev Immunol. 2010;30(5):435-47. doi: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.v30.i5.30.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have become a priority for many investigators in immunology due to their potent immunosuppressive and tolerogenic effects. While Treg activity is required for normal immune homeostasis, dysregulation of their numbers can induce autoimmunity or aid in the pathogenesis of disease. Therefore, great effort has been made to understand the mechanisms by which Tregs accumulate in different areas of the body. Like other lymphocytes, Tregs migrate in response to a network of chemotactic stimuli involving chemokines, chemokine receptors, integrins, and their corresponding ligands. However, many of these stimuli are exclusive to Tregs, inducing their migration while leaving conventional populations unaffected. It is these selective stimuli that result in increased ratios of Tregs among conventional effector populations, leading to changes in immune suppression and homeostasis. This review explores selective Treg trafficking during thymic Treg development, migration to secondary lymphoid tissues and emigration into the periphery during homeostatic conditions, inflammation, and the tumor microenvironment, placing emphasis on stimuli that selectively recruits Tregs to target locations.
调节性T细胞（Tregs）因其强大的免疫抑制和致耐受作用，已成为众多免疫学家研究的重点。虽然正常免疫稳态需要Treg活性，但Treg数量失调会诱发自身免疫或促进疾病发病机制。因此，人们付出了巨大努力来了解Tregs在身体不同部位积聚的机制。与其他淋巴细胞一样，Tregs会对由趋化因子、趋化因子受体、整合素及其相应配体组成的趋化刺激网络作出反应而迁移。然而，许多这些刺激是Tregs特有的，可诱导它们迁移，而传统细胞群不受影响。正是这些选择性刺激导致传统效应细胞群中Tregs比例增加，从而引起免疫抑制和稳态的变化。本综述探讨了胸腺Treg发育过程中的选择性Treg迁移、稳态条件下、炎症和肿瘤微环境中向次级淋巴组织的迁移以及向外周的迁出，重点关注将Tregs选择性招募到目标位置的刺激因素。
