FOFIFA-DRZV, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
PLoS One. 2010 Nov 15;5(11):e13987. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013987.
In Madagascar, Newcastle disease (ND) has become enzootic after the first documented epizootics in 1946, with recurrent annual outbreaks causing mortality up to 40%. Four ND viruses recently isolated in Madagascar were genotypically and pathotypically characterised. By phylogenetic inference based on the F and HN genes, and also full-genome sequence analyses, the NDV Malagasy isolates form a cluster distant enough to constitute a new genotype hereby proposed as genotype XI. This new genotype is presumably deriving from an ancestor close to genotype IV introduced in the island probably more than 50 years ago. Our data show also that all the previously described neutralising epitopes are conserved between Malagasy and vaccine strains. However, the potential implication in vaccination failures of specific amino acid substitutions predominantly found on surface-exposed epitopes of F and HN proteins is discussed.
在马达加斯加，1946 年首次记录到新城疫（ND）爆发后，该病已成为地方流行性疾病，每年都会反复爆发，死亡率高达 40%。最近在马达加斯加分离到的 4 株 ND 病毒在基因型和表型上均具有特征。通过基于 F 和 HN 基因的系统发育推断，以及全基因组序列分析，NDV 马达加斯加分离株形成了一个足够远的聚类，足以构成一个新的基因型，本文提议将其命名为基因型 XI。这种新的基因型可能来源于大约 50 多年前引入该岛的与基因型 IV 密切相关的祖先。我们的数据还表明，在 F 和 HN 蛋白的表面暴露表位上发现的大多数特定氨基酸取代，在马达加斯加和疫苗株之间的中和表位是保守的。然而，我们讨论了这些取代在疫苗接种失败中的潜在影响。
