Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2010 Sep-Oct;43(5):512-5. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822010000500008.
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HBV infection and associated factors among prison inmates in Campo Grande, MS.
A total of 408 individuals were interviewed regarding sociodemographic characteristics, associated factors and HBV vaccination using a standardized questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from all participants and serological markers for HBV were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and/or antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive samples were tested for HBV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction.
The overall prevalence of HBV infection was 17.9% (95%CI: 14.4-22.0). The HBsAg carrier rate was 0.5%; 56 (13.7%) individuals had been infected and developed natural immunity and 15 (3.7%) were positive for anti-HBc only. Ninety eight (24%) prisoners had only anti-HBs, suggesting that they had low vaccine coverage. An occult HBV infection rate of 0% was verified among anti-HBc-positive individuals. Multivariate analysis of associated factors showed that age > 35 years-old, low schooling level and illicit drug use are significantly associated with HBV infection.
Analysis of the data showed HBV infection prevalence similar or slightly lower than that reported in other of Brazilian prisons. Independent predictors of HBV infection in this population include older age, low schooling level and illicit drug use.
本研究旨在评估巴西南马托格罗索州坎波格兰德监狱囚犯中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的流行率及其相关因素。
对 408 名囚犯进行了访谈，询问了他们的社会人口学特征、相关因素和乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况，使用了标准化问卷。从所有参与者中采集血样，通过酶联免疫吸附试验检测 HBV 血清学标志物。对乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和/或乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc）阳性样本进行乙型肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸（HBV-DNA）聚合酶链反应检测。
HBV 感染的总流行率为 17.9%（95%CI：14.4-22.0）。HBsAg 携带者率为 0.5%；56 名（13.7%）个体曾感染并产生自然免疫力，15 名（3.7%）仅抗-HBc 阳性。98 名（24%）囚犯仅抗-HBs 阳性，表明他们的疫苗接种覆盖率较低。抗-HBc 阳性个体中未发现隐匿性 HBV 感染率。多因素相关因素分析显示，年龄>35 岁、低教育水平和非法药物使用与 HBV 感染显著相关。
数据分析显示，HBV 感染流行率与巴西其他监狱相似或略低。该人群中 HBV 感染的独立预测因素包括年龄较大、教育水平较低和非法药物使用。
