Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2010 Dec;34(12):2089-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01305.x. Epub 2010 Sep 7.
Recent studies demonstrated that alcohol dependence and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with increased rates of obesity. In healthy light-drinkers, we and others have observed associations between elevated body mass index (BMI) and reductions in brain volumes, lower concentrations of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA, marker of neuronal viability) and choline-containing compounds (Cho, involved in membrane turnover), and lower glucose utilization, particularly in frontal lobe-a brain region that is particularly vulnerable to the effects of alcohol dependence. Here, we evaluated whether BMI in alcohol-dependent individuals was independently associated with regional measures of brain structure, metabolite concentrations, and neocortical blood flow.
As part of a study on the effects of alcohol dependence on neurobiology, we analyzed retrospectively data from 54 alcohol-dependent males, abstinent from alcohol for about 1 month and with BMI between 20 and 37 kg/m(2) by structural MRI, perfusion MRI (blood flow), and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.
After correction for age, smoking status, and various measures of alcohol consumption, higher BMI was associated with lower concentrations of NAA, Cho, creatine and phosphocreatine (Cr, involved in high energy metabolism), and myo-inositol (m-Ino, a putative marker of astrocytes) primarily in the frontal lobe, in subcortical nuclei, and cerebellar vermis (p < 0.004). Regional brain volumes and perfusion were not significantly related to BMI. Furthermore, comorbid conditions, clinical laboratory measures, and nutritional assessments were not significant predictors of these MR-based measures.
The results suggest that BMI, independent of age, alcohol consumption, and common comorbidities, is related to regional NAA, Cho, Cr, and m-Ino concentrations in this cohort of alcohol-dependent individuals. Additionally, as some common comorbid conditions in alcohol dependence such as cigarette smoking are associated with BMI, their associations with regional brain metabolite levels in alcohol-dependent individuals may also be influenced by BMI.
最近的研究表明，酒精依赖和过量饮酒与肥胖率的增加有关。在健康的轻度饮酒者中，我们和其他人观察到，升高的体重指数（BMI）与脑体积减少、N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA，神经元活力的标志物）和胆碱含量化合物（Cho，参与膜周转率）浓度降低以及葡萄糖利用率降低有关，特别是在额叶-一个特别容易受到酒精依赖影响的大脑区域。在这里，我们评估了酒精依赖个体的 BMI 是否与大脑结构、代谢物浓度和新皮层血流的区域测量值独立相关。
作为一项关于酒精依赖对神经生物学影响的研究的一部分，我们通过结构磁共振成像、灌注磁共振成像（血流）和质子磁共振波谱成像分析了 54 名酒精依赖男性的数据，这些男性在大约 1 个月的时间内戒酒，BMI 在 20 到 37 kg/m2 之间。
在纠正年龄、吸烟状况和各种酒精摄入量的措施后，较高的 BMI 与较低的 NAA、Cho、肌酸和磷酸肌酸（Cr，参与高能代谢）以及肌醇（m-Ino，一种可能的星形胶质细胞标志物）浓度相关，主要是在额叶、皮质下核和小脑蚓部（p < 0.004）。大脑区域体积和灌注与 BMI 没有显著关系。此外，共病情况、临床实验室指标和营养评估不是这些基于磁共振的测量指标的显著预测因子。
这些结果表明，BMI 与该队列中酒精依赖个体的区域性 NAA、Cho、Cr 和 m-Ino 浓度相关，独立于年龄、酒精摄入量和常见共病。此外，由于酒精依赖中的一些常见共病，如吸烟，与 BMI 相关，它们与酒精依赖个体的区域性脑代谢物水平的关联也可能受到 BMI 的影响。
